Caval, Fluier, Cimpoi

  

Ștefan Dicu

"Jocuri mândre de la noi"

Tracks:

01. Sarba-n bataie, Sarba ca la Vartop, Sarba ca la Vrata (caval, bagpipe, flute)
02. Hora cujmirenilor - caval
03. Baluta - caval
04. Hora ca la Gruia - flute
05. Sarba ca la Corbu - flute
06. Sarba ca la Calafat - bagpipe
07. Tinca popii, Hora pe furate, Hora-n doua parti (caval, flute, bagpipe)
08. Sarba ca la Prejna - caval
09. Boierasca - caval
10. Bulgareanca - flute
11. Hora Nutei - flute
12. Floricica - bagpipe

 

Personnel:

Ștefan Dicu: caval, flute (fluier), bagpipe (cimpoi).
& Orchestra Ansamblului "Maria Tanase" Din Craiova

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The caval is an aerophone instrument of Balkan farmers, especially shepherds. It can be found throughout in the south east (Wallachia, Oltenia, Moldavia) as well as in the mountains of central Romania. The caval is a big straight flute (approximately 80 cm long) made of ash, cherry or plane wood. It consists of a tube partially closed at the top by a cork (dop) with five finger holes and a rectangular mouth hole (vranã) on the opposite side.

Farmers make the caval in a number of sizes. The one in the photo is an average size, about 76 cm in length. Recently, the caval has been tuned to an F-scale to make it easier to play in folk music groups.

The caval can produce from two to four or five partial sounds simultaneously. Its hoarse, soft and expressive tone is sometimes imitated by violinists who play "like the caval". Its instrumental effects include changing pitch in the same piece (by blowing harder) and playing in parallel octaves (on the first and second harmonics).

When playing the caval, the musician produces a throaty sound: "in tune" and stable in relation to the melody (in Oltenia) or of an undetermined and fluctuating pitch (in Wallachia and Moldavia, like the recording here). The caval can easily play complex melodies that are highly ornamented with appogiatura, mordents, trills, small glissandi and tremolos. Its rich and varied repertoire includes long songs (doinã), lyric songs in instrumental versions, dance tunes and the instrumental poem "The shepherd who lost his sheep".

C.M.

 

Pipe musicians are generally from rural Romanian backgrounds and not from gypsy lăutari families. In the town and state ensembles they play fluier and caval, with additions of tilinca, nai, cimpoi (bagpipe) and may be other not so common pipes, clarinet or taragot, and when it comes to their solo this is most often a suite which progresses through all the different pipes in succession.

 

source

 

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Romanian Feelings

Cvartetul Transilvan

Suite româneşti

  
Nicuşor Silaghi: Suite Românesti pour quatuor à cordes
  

Tracks:

01. Transilvania - Maramures
02. Moldova
03. Banat
04. Muntenia - Oltenia

Personnel:

Gabriel Croitoru, violin
Nicusor Silaghi, solo violin
Marius Suarasan, viola
Vasile Jucan, violoncell

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The Transylvanian Quartet (Cvartetul Transylvania), composed of members of the symphony orchestra of Cluj, recorded under the name Romanian Suite (Suite româneşti) a graceful garland of folk songs. No "recreation" as scholarly for this scheme Nicusor Silaghi, concertmaster of the ensemble, but the original songs in their simple harmony. A successful experience. Each of the four-movement suite (42 minutes total) paid tribute to the folklore of a region of Transylvania and Maramures, Moldavia, Banat, and finally Muntenia and Oltenia. The course work ends with the singing of the lark (Ciocarlie) in melodic climax of this festival.

THE TRANSYLVANIAN QUARTET was founded in 1987, by four young and valuable players from the orchestra of the Cluj Philharmonic. In 1989, in recognition of its outstanding artistic level, this chamber ensemble acquired the statute of state quartet.

While Nicusor Silaghi (born 1957), Marius Suarasan (born 1957) and Vasile Jucan (born 1957) were founders of the quartet, first violin George Dudea joined the ensemble in 1989, abandoning a high ranked position as leader of the Cluj Philharmonic Orchestra. Beginning with 2000, the quartet functions in a new formula, George Dudea being replaced by the well-known soloist Gabriel Croitoru, one of the most appreciated Romanian violin players.

All the members are virtuosos on their instruments. During the course of their studies, they all won many awards, and afterwards involved with such activities as solo playing, chamber music and recordings for broadcast and television. As for the string quartet playing, it is worth mentioning that they attended the international courses held at Nyrbator (Hungary), Oberschützen (Austria) with Alban Berg String Quartet member Thomas Kakuska, at Pommersfelden (Germany) with Professor Reiner Kusmaul.

While participating in the Orlando Festival in Kerkrade (The Netherlands) in 1990, they were remarked by Professor Earl Carlyss, former member of the Julliard String Quartet, who invited them to participate in the Aspen Festival, Colorado, in 1990, and offered them a grant for the Aspen Center for Advanced Quartet Studies. This was a most beneficial opportunity for the young musicians to work with such personalities as The Emerson String Quartet, The American String Quartet, Professors Steve Clapp and Donald Weilerstein, former member of the Cleveland String Quartet.

The Transylvanian String Quartet is widely performing in Romania and abroad – in Italy, Germany, The Netherlands, Spain, Austria, Denmark, USA, Italy, Germany, Great Britain (at the well-known Wigmore Hall in London), Finland. The quartet won several prizes – at the “Gh. Dima” competition in Cluj, 1987, and twice at the National Art Festival of Romania, in 1987 and 1989. They also participated at prestigious festivals, such as the Festival of Aspen, the Festival Ravinia in Chicago, in Edinburgh, Kuhmo (Finland), Aldebourgh (England), The Mozart Festival in Chemnitz (Germany) and Cluj, the Festival Cluj Musical Autumn.

  

       

“An absolutely outstanding string quartet: an excellent interpretation and a deep penetration of the sense of music. Its virtuosity transcends the individual level towards a perfect unity of the group.” (Diario de Burgos, November 1990)
  

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