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1  <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->  <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
2  <title>GNU sed - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>  <!-- Parent-Version: 1.92 -->
3    <!-- This page is derived from /server/standards/boilerplate.html -->
4    <title>GNU sed - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
5    <link rel="stylesheet" type="text/css" href="sed.css" />
6    <!--#include virtual="/server/gnun/initial-translations-list.html" -->
7  <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->  <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
8    <div class="reduced-width">
9    
10  <h2>GNU sed </h2>  <h2>GNU sed</h2>
11    <hr class="thin" />
12    
13  <p>  <p>
14  Sed (streams editor) isn't really a true text editor or text processor.    sed (stream editor) is a non-interactive command-line text editor.
 Instead, it is used to filter text, i.e., it takes text input and performs  
 some operation (or set of operations) on it and outputs the modified text.  
 Sed is typically used for extracting part of a file using pattern matching  
 or substituting multiple occurrences of a string within a file.  
15  </p>  </p>
16    <pre class="example">
17    # Example: delete the 4th line in a file
18    $ sed '4d' input.txt &gt; output.txt
19    
20    # Example: replace every occurrence of 'hello' with 'world' on lines 10-20
21    $ sed '10,20s/hello/world/' input.txt &gt; output.txt
22    </pre>
23    
24  <p>  <p>
25  <a href="manual">Online documentation</a> is available.    sed is commonly used to filter text, i.e., it takes text
26      input, performs some operation (or set of operations) on it, and
27      outputs the modified text.  sed is typically used for extracting
28      part of a file using pattern matching or substituting multiple
29      occurrences of a string within a file.
30  </p>  </p>
31    
32  <!-- If needed, change the copyright block at the bottom. In general, -->  
33  <!-- all pages on the GNU web server should have the section about    -->  <div class="summary">
34  <!-- verbatim copying.  Please do NOT remove this without talking     -->  <h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3>
35  <!-- with the webmasters first. -->  <ul>
36  <!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->    <li><a href="#help">Getting Help</a></li>
37  <!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->    <li><a href="#download">Downloads</a></li>
38  </div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->    <li><a href="#source">Latest Source</a></li>
39  <!--#include virtual="/server/footer-min.html" -->    <li><a href="#mailinglists">Mailing Lists</a></li>
40  <div id="footer">    <li><a href="#maintainers">Maintainers</a></li>
41    </ul>
42    <hr class="no-display" />
43    </div>
44    
45    
46    <h3 id="help">Getting Help</h3>
47    
48    <ul>
49    
50    <!-- SED Manual -->
51    <li>
52      Read the manual locally using <kbd>info sed</kbd> or see the latest
53      <a href="manual/">online manual</a>.
54    </li>
55    
56    <!-- Search Mailing lists -->
57    <li>Search the archives for previous questions and answers:
58      <ul>
59        <li>questions, development, and general discussion:
60            <a href="https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/sed-devel/">
61            sed-devel mailing list</a>;
62        </li>
63        <li>bug reports:
64            <a href="https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-sed/">
65            bug-sed mailing list</a>.
66        </li>
67      </ul>
68    </li>
69    
70    <!-- http://sed.sf.net -->
71    <li>General sed resources are available at
72      <a href="http://sed.sf.net">SourceForge.net</a>, including:
73      <ul>
74        <li>
75          <a href="http://sed.sourceforge.net/#docs">
76            documentations, FAQ, one-liners</a>,
77        </li>
78        <li>
79          <a href="http://sed.sourceforge.net/#books">
80            books</a>, and
81        </li>
82        <li>
83          <a href="http://sed.sourceforge.net/#scripts">
84            example scripts</a>.
85        </li>
86      </ul>
87    </li>
88    
89    
90    <!-- http://translationproject.org/domain/sed.html -->
91    <li>
92      Send translation requests to the language team at the
93      <a href="https://translationproject.org/domain/sed.html">
94        Translation Project</a>.
95    </li>
96    
97    <!-- sed-devel@gnu.org for GENERAL QUESTIONS -->
98    <li>
99      Send general questions or suggestions to the mailing list at
100      &lt;<a href="mailto:sed-devel@gnu.org">sed-devel@gnu.org</a>&gt;.
101    </li>
102    
103    <!-- bug-sed@gnu.org for BUG REPORTS -->
104    <li>
105      Report bugs, including version and distribution variant, to the list at
106      &lt;<a href="mailto:bug-sed@gnu.org">bug-sed@gnu.org</a>&gt;.<br/> Before
107      sending the bug, please consult the FAQ and mailing list archives
108      (above).<br/>  Often these perceived bugs are simply due to wrong
109      program usage.<br/>  To learn more about reporting bugs,
110      see <a href="/software/gethelp.html">Getting help with GNU software</a>.
111    </li>
112    
113    </ul>
114    
115    <h3 id="download">Downloads</h3>
116    
117    <ul>
118     <li><strong>Stable source releases</strong> are available on the main
119      GNU download server (<a href="https://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/sed/">HTTPS</a>,&nbsp;
120      <a href="http://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/sed/">HTTP</a>,&nbsp;
121      <a href="ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/sed/">FTP</a>) and its
122      <a href="/prep/ftp.html">mirrors</a>. Please
123      <a href="https://ftpmirror.gnu.org/gnu/sed/">use a mirror</a> if possible.
124     </li>
125     <li>Some test releases can be found on the GNU &ldquo;alpha&rdquo; server
126      (<a href="https://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/sed/">HTTPS</a>,&nbsp;
127      <a href="http://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/sed/">HTTP</a>,&nbsp;
128      <a href="ftp://alpha.gnu.org/gnu/sed/">FTP</a>) and its
129      <a href="/prep/ftp.html">mirrors</a>.
130     </li>
131    </ul>
132    
133    <h3 id="source">Latest Source</h3>
134    
135  <p>  <p>
136  Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to  The latest source with revision history can be browsed using
137  <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><em>gnu@gnu.org</em></a>.  <a href="https://git.sv.gnu.org/cgit/sed.git">cgit</a> or
138  There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>  <a href="https://git.sv.gnu.org/gitweb/?p=sed.git">gitweb</a>.
139  the FSF.  Assuming you have <a href="https://git-scm.com/">git</a> installed, you
140  <br />  can retrieve the latest version with this command:</p>
141  Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to  <pre class="emph-box">
142  <a href="mailto:bug-sed@gnu.org"><em>bug-sed@gnu.org</em></a>.  <samp>git clone git://git.sv.gnu.org/sed</samp>
143    </pre>
144    
145    <!-- TODO: add README-hacking to SED
146    To build from the latest sources please follow the instructions in
147    <a href="http://git.savannah.gnu.org/cgit/sed.git/plain/README-hacking">README-hacking</a><br/>
148    -->
149    
150    Please note that we do not suggest using test versions of SED
151    for production use.
152    </p>
153    
154    
155    <!-- TODO: Add SED to all of the websites below
156    <h3 id="testing">Third party testing resources</h3>
157    <p>
158    <ul>
159        <li><a href="http://hydra.nixos.org/jobset/gnu/coreutils-master">
160        Hydra continuous integration jobs</a></li>
161        <li><a href="https://scan.coverity.com/projects/29?tab=Overview">
162        Coverity static analysis</a></li>
163        <li><a href="http://www.opencoverage.net/coreutils">
164        Open coverage test coverage report</a></li>
165        <li><a href="http://hydra.nixos.org/job/gnu/coreutils-master/coverage/latest/log/tail-reload">
166        Latest Hydra test coverage results</a></li>
167    </ul>
168    </p>
169    -->
170    
171    
172    <h3 id="mailinglists">Mailing Lists</h3>
173    
174    <p>
175    You do not need to be subscribed in order to post messages to any GNU
176    mailing list.  However non-subscribers are moderated by humans so
177    please be patient when waiting for your email to arrive.
178    </p>
179    
180    <p>
181    You can subscribe to any GNU mailing list via the web as described
182    below. Or you can send an empty mail with a <i>Subject:</i> header line of
183    just &ldquo;subscribe&rdquo; to the relevant <i>-request</i> list. For example, to
184    subscribe yourself to the main sed-devel list, you would
185    send mail to &lt;<a
186    href="mailto:sed-devel-request@gnu.org">sed-devel-request@gnu.org</a>&gt;
187    with no body and a <i>Subject:</i> header line of just &ldquo;subscribe&rdquo;.
188    </p>
189    
190    <p>
191    It has been necessary to moderate the sed  mailing lists to prevent the
192    flood of spam. Postings to the lists are held for release by
193    the list moderator. Sometimes the moderators are unavailable for
194    brief periods of time. Please be patient when posting. If you
195    don't eventually see the message in the list archive then it did not
196    get posted.
197  </p>  </p>
198    
199    <dl>
200    <dt>Announcements</dt>
201    <dd>
202  <p>  <p>
203  Copyright &copy; 2007 Free Software Foundation, Inc.,  Important announcements about GNU sed and most other GNU Software are
204    also made on the
205    <a href="https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/info-gnu">
206      info-gnu@gnu.org mailing list</a>.
207  </p>  </p>
208  <address>51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02111, USA</address>  </dd>
209  <p>Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is  
210  permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.  <dt>Discussion List</dt>
211    <dd>
212    <p>
213    The main discussion list for all things related to GNU sed is
214    <a href="https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/sed-devel">sed-devel@gnu.org</a>.
215    If you have questions, comments, or other general
216    discussion about sed then this is the mailing list for that
217    discussion.  If you don't know where to start then this is the place
218    to start.  You can browse and search past postings to the
219    <a href="https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/sed-devel/">sed-devel archive</a>.
220    </p>
221    </dd>
222    
223    <dt>Bug Reports</dt>
224    <dd>
225    <p>
226    If you think you have found a bug in GNU sed, then please send
227    as complete a bug report as possible to
228    <a href="https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/bug-sed">bug-sed@gnu.org</a>,
229    and it will automatically be entered into the <a href="https://debbugs.gnu.org/sed">
230    sed bug tracker</a>.
231    <!-- TODO: sed FAQ?
232    Before reporting bugs please read the <a href="faq/coreutils-faq.html">FAQ</a>.
233    -->
234    A very useful and often referenced guide on how to write bug reports
235    and ask good questions is the document
236    <a href="http://www.catb.org/~esr/faqs/smart-questions.html">
237    How To Ask Questions The Smart Way</a>.
238    You can browse previous postings and search the
239    <a href="https://lists.gnu.org/archive/html/bug-sed/">bug-sed archive</a>.
240    </p>
241    </dd>
242    
243    <dt>Enhancement Requests</dt>
244    <dd>
245    <p>
246    If you would like any new feature to be included in future versions of
247    sed, please send a request to <a
248    href="https://lists.gnu.org/mailman/listinfo/sed-devel">sed-devel@gnu.org</a>.
249    
250    This is the general discussion list and a good place to start
251    discussion of a new feature.  After consideration you may be asked to
252    log a request into the bug tracker so that the issue is not lost.
253    
254    If you would like to implement yourself, then note that non trivial changes
255    require copyright assignment to the FSF as detailed in the &ldquo;Copyright Assignment&rdquo;
256    <!-- TODO: add HACKING to sed -->
257    section of GNU coreutils <a href="https://git.sv.gnu.org/cgit/coreutils.git/plain/HACKING">HACKING</a> notes.
258  </p>  </p>
259    </dd>
260    
261    <dt>Mailing List Etiquette</dt>
262    <dd>
263    <p>
264    Please do not send messages encoded as HTML nor encoded as base64 MIME
265    nor included as multiple formats.
266    Please send messages as
267    <a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305050159/http://stagecraft.theprices.net/nomime.html">
268    plain text</a>.
269    Please include a descriptive subject line. If all of the subjects are
270    <em>bug</em> then it is impossible to differentiate them.
271    Please avoid sending large messages, such as log files, system call
272    trace output, and other content resulting in messages over about 40 kB,
273    to the mailing lists without prior contact. Those are best sent
274    directly to those requesting that information after initial contact.
275    </p>
276    
277    <p>
278    Please remember that development of GNU sed is a volunteer effort, and you
279    can also contribute to its development. For information about contributing
280    to the GNU Project, please read <a href="/help/">How to help GNU</a>.
281    </p>
282    </dd>
283    </dl>
284    
285    <h3 id="maintainers">Maintainers</h3>
286    
287    <p>
288    GNU sed is currently being maintained by
289    Jim Meyering &lt;<a href="mailto:jim@meyering.net">jim@meyering.net</a>&gt;,
290    and
291    Assaf Gordon &lt;<a href="mailto:assafgordon@gmail.com">assafgordon@gmail.com</a>&gt;.
292    </p>
293    
294    
295    </div>
296    </div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
297    <!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
298    <div id="footer">
299    <div class="unprintable">
300    
301    <p>Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to
302    <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.
303    There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
304    the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
305    to <a href="mailto:sed-devel@gnu.org"><em>sed-devel@gnu.org</em></a>.
306    </p>
307    
308    <p>Please see the <a
309    href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
310    README</a> for information on coordinating and contributing translations
311    of this article.</p>
312    </div>
313    
314    <!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
315         files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
316         be under CC BY-ND 4.0.  Please do NOT change or remove this
317         without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
318         Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
319         document.  For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
320         document was modified, or published.
321    
322         If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
323         Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
324         years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
325         year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
326         being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
327    
328         There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
329         Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
330    
331    <p>Copyright &copy; 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
332    
333    <p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
334    href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative
335    Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p>
336    
337    <!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
338    
339    <p class="unprintable">Updated:
340    <!-- timestamp start -->
341    $Date$
342    <!-- timestamp end -->
343    </p>
344  </div>  </div>
345  </div>  </div>
346  </body>  </body>
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