1 |
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --> |
2 |
|
3 |
<title>What is free software? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title> |
4 |
|
5 |
<meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation, Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU HURD, Hurd" /> |
6 |
<meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to share and improve the software they use." /> |
7 |
<link rel="alternate" title="What's New" href="http://www.gnu.org/rss/whatsnew.rss" type="application/rss+xml" /> |
8 |
<link rel="alternate" title="New Free Software" href="http://www.gnu.org/rss/quagga.rss" type="application/rss+xml" /> |
9 |
|
10 |
<!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" --> |
11 |
<!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-sw.translist" --> |
12 |
|
13 |
<h2>What is free software?</h2> |
14 |
|
15 |
<h3>The Free Software Definition</h3> |
16 |
|
17 |
<p> |
18 |
We maintain this free software definition to show clearly what must be |
19 |
true about a particular software program for it to be considered free |
20 |
software. From time to time we revise this definition to clarify it. |
21 |
If you would like to review the changes we've made, please see |
22 |
the <a href="#History">History section</a> below for more information. |
23 |
</p> |
24 |
|
25 |
<p> |
26 |
“Free software” is a matter of liberty, not price. To understand |
27 |
the concept, you should think of “free” as in “free speech,” |
28 |
not as in “free beer.” |
29 |
</p> |
30 |
|
31 |
<p> |
32 |
Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy, distribute, |
33 |
study, change and improve the software. More precisely, it means that the |
34 |
program's users have the four essential freedoms: |
35 |
</p> |
36 |
|
37 |
<ul> |
38 |
<li>The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).</li> |
39 |
<li>The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it |
40 |
does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source |
41 |
code is a precondition for this. |
42 |
</li> |
43 |
<li>The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor |
44 |
(freedom 2). |
45 |
</li> |
46 |
<li>The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions |
47 |
to others (freedom 3). By doing this you can give the whole |
48 |
community a chance to benefit from your changes. |
49 |
Access to the source code is a precondition for this. |
50 |
</li> |
51 |
</ul> |
52 |
|
53 |
<p> |
54 |
A program is free software if users have all of these freedoms. Thus, |
55 |
you should be free to redistribute copies, either with or without |
56 |
modifications, either gratis or charging a fee for distribution, to |
57 |
<a href="#exportcontrol">anyone anywhere</a>. Being free to do these |
58 |
things means (among other things) that you do not have to ask or pay |
59 |
for permission to do so. |
60 |
</p> |
61 |
|
62 |
<p> |
63 |
You should also have the freedom to make modifications and use them |
64 |
privately in your own work or play, without even mentioning that they |
65 |
exist. If you do publish your changes, you should not be required to |
66 |
notify anyone in particular, or in any particular way. |
67 |
</p> |
68 |
|
69 |
<p> |
70 |
The freedom to run the program means the freedom for any kind of person |
71 |
or organization to use it on any kind of computer system, for any kind of |
72 |
overall job and purpose, without being required to communicate about it |
73 |
with the developer or any other specific entity. In this freedom, it is |
74 |
the <em>user's</em> purpose that matters, not the <em>developer's</em> |
75 |
purpose; you as a user are free to run the program for your purposes, |
76 |
and if you distribute it to someone else, she is then free to run it |
77 |
for her purposes, but you are not entitled to impose your purposes on her. |
78 |
</p> |
79 |
|
80 |
<p> |
81 |
The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable |
82 |
forms of the program, as well as source code, for both modified and |
83 |
unmodified versions. (Distributing programs in runnable form is necessary |
84 |
for conveniently installable free operating systems.) It is OK if there |
85 |
is no way to produce a binary or executable form for a certain program |
86 |
(since some languages don't support that feature), but you must have the |
87 |
freedom to redistribute such forms should you find or develop a way to |
88 |
make them. |
89 |
</p> |
90 |
|
91 |
<p> |
92 |
In order for freedoms 1 and 3 (the freedom to make changes and the |
93 |
freedom to publish improved versions) to be meaningful, you must have |
94 |
access to the source code of the program. Therefore, accessibility of |
95 |
source code is a necessary condition for free software. Obfuscated |
96 |
“source code” is not real source code and does not count |
97 |
as source code. |
98 |
</p> |
99 |
|
100 |
<p> |
101 |
Freedom 1 includes the freedom to use your changed version in place of |
102 |
the original. If the program is delivered in a product designed to |
103 |
run someone else's modified versions but refuse to run yours — a |
104 |
practice known as “tivoization” or “lockdown”, |
105 |
or (in its practitioners' perverse terminology) as “secure |
106 |
boot” — freedom 1 becomes a theoretical fiction rather |
107 |
than a practical freedom. This is not sufficient. In other words, |
108 |
these binaries are not free software even if the source code they are |
109 |
compiled from is free. |
110 |
</p> |
111 |
|
112 |
<p> |
113 |
One important way to modify a program is by merging in available free |
114 |
subroutines and modules. If the program's license says that you |
115 |
cannot merge in a suitably licensed existing module — for instance, if it |
116 |
requires you to be the copyright holder of any code you add — then the |
117 |
license is too restrictive to qualify as free. |
118 |
</p> |
119 |
|
120 |
<p> |
121 |
Freedom 3 includes the freedom to release your modified versions |
122 |
as free software. A free license may also permit other ways of |
123 |
releasing them; in other words, it does not have to be |
124 |
a <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a> license. However, a |
125 |
license that requires modified versions to be nonfree does not qualify |
126 |
as a free license. |
127 |
</p> |
128 |
|
129 |
<p> |
130 |
In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be permanent and |
131 |
irrevocable as long as you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the |
132 |
software has the power to revoke the license, or retroactively change |
133 |
its terms, without your doing anything wrong to give cause, the |
134 |
software is not free. |
135 |
</p> |
136 |
|
137 |
<p> |
138 |
However, certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free |
139 |
software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central |
140 |
freedoms. For example, copyleft (very simply stated) is the rule that |
141 |
when redistributing the program, you cannot add restrictions to deny |
142 |
other people the central freedoms. This rule does not conflict with |
143 |
the central freedoms; rather it protects them. |
144 |
</p> |
145 |
|
146 |
<p> |
147 |
“Free software” does not mean “noncommercial.” A free |
148 |
program must be available for commercial use, commercial development, |
149 |
and commercial distribution. Commercial development of free software |
150 |
is no longer unusual; such free commercial software is very important. |
151 |
You may have paid money to get copies of free software, or you may have |
152 |
obtained copies at no charge. But regardless of how you got your copies, |
153 |
you always have the freedom to copy and change the software, even to |
154 |
<a href="/philosophy/selling.html">sell copies</a>. |
155 |
</p> |
156 |
|
157 |
<p> |
158 |
Whether a change constitutes an improvement is a subjective matter. |
159 |
If your modifications are limited, in substance, to changes that |
160 |
someone else considers an improvement, that is not freedom. |
161 |
</p> |
162 |
|
163 |
<p> |
164 |
However, rules about how to package a modified version are acceptable, |
165 |
if they don't substantively limit your freedom to release modified |
166 |
versions, or your freedom to make and use modified versions privately. |
167 |
Thus, it is acceptable for the license to require that you change the |
168 |
name of the modified version, remove a logo, or identify your |
169 |
modifications as yours. As long as these requirements are not so |
170 |
burdensome that they effectively hamper you from releasing your |
171 |
changes, they are acceptable; you're already making other changes to |
172 |
the program, so you won't have trouble making a few more. |
173 |
</p> |
174 |
|
175 |
<p> |
176 |
Rules that “if you make your version available in this way, you |
177 |
must make it available in that way also” can be acceptable too, |
178 |
on the same condition. An example of such an acceptable rule is one |
179 |
saying that if you have distributed a |
180 |
modified version and a previous developer asks for a copy of it, you |
181 |
must send one. (Note that such a rule still leaves you the choice of |
182 |
whether to distribute your version at all.) Rules that require release |
183 |
of source code to the users for versions that you put into public use |
184 |
are also acceptable. |
185 |
</p> |
186 |
|
187 |
<p> |
188 |
In the GNU project, we use |
189 |
<a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a> |
190 |
to protect these freedoms legally for everyone. But |
191 |
<a href="/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware">noncopylefted |
192 |
free software</a> also exists. We believe there are important reasons why |
193 |
<a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">it is better to use copyleft</a>, |
194 |
but if your program is noncopylefted free software, it is still basically |
195 |
ethical. (See <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free Software</a> for a description of how “free software,” “copylefted software” and other categories of software relate to each other.) |
196 |
</p> |
197 |
|
198 |
<p> |
199 |
Sometimes government <a id="exportcontrol">export control regulations</a> |
200 |
and trade sanctions can constrain your freedom to distribute copies of |
201 |
programs internationally. Software developers do not have the power to |
202 |
eliminate or override these restrictions, but what they can and must do |
203 |
is refuse to impose them as conditions of use of the program. In this |
204 |
way, the restrictions will not affect activities and people outside the |
205 |
jurisdictions of these governments. Thus, free software licenses |
206 |
must not require obedience to any export regulations as a condition of |
207 |
any of the essential freedoms. |
208 |
</p> |
209 |
|
210 |
<p> |
211 |
Most free software licenses are based on copyright, and there are limits |
212 |
on what kinds of requirements can be imposed through copyright. If a |
213 |
copyright-based license respects freedom in the ways described above, it |
214 |
is unlikely to have some other sort of problem that we never anticipated |
215 |
(though this does happen occasionally). However, some free software |
216 |
licenses are based on contracts, and contracts can impose a much larger |
217 |
range of possible restrictions. That means there are many possible ways |
218 |
such a license could be unacceptably restrictive and nonfree. |
219 |
</p> |
220 |
|
221 |
<p> |
222 |
We can't possibly list all the ways that might happen. If a |
223 |
contract-based license restricts the user in an unusual way that |
224 |
copyright-based licenses cannot, and which isn't mentioned here as |
225 |
legitimate, we will have to think about it, and we will probably conclude |
226 |
it is nonfree. |
227 |
</p> |
228 |
|
229 |
<p> |
230 |
When talking about free software, it is best to avoid using terms |
231 |
like “give away” or “for free,” because those terms imply that |
232 |
the issue is about price, not freedom. Some common terms such |
233 |
as “piracy” embody opinions we hope you won't endorse. See |
234 |
<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Confusing Words and Phrases that |
235 |
are Worth Avoiding</a> for a discussion of these terms. We also have |
236 |
a list of proper <a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">translations of |
237 |
“free software”</a> into various languages. |
238 |
</p> |
239 |
|
240 |
<p> |
241 |
Finally, note that criteria such as those stated in this free software |
242 |
definition require careful thought for their interpretation. To decide |
243 |
whether a specific software license qualifies as a free software license, |
244 |
we judge it based on these criteria to determine whether it fits their |
245 |
spirit as well as the precise words. If a license includes unconscionable |
246 |
restrictions, we reject it, even if we did not anticipate the issue |
247 |
in these criteria. Sometimes a license requirement raises an issue |
248 |
that calls for extensive thought, including discussions with a lawyer, |
249 |
before we can decide if the requirement is acceptable. When we reach |
250 |
a conclusion about a new issue, we often update these criteria to make |
251 |
it easier to see why certain licenses do or don't qualify. |
252 |
</p> |
253 |
|
254 |
<p> |
255 |
If you are interested in whether a specific license qualifies as a free |
256 |
software license, see our <a href="/licenses/license-list.html">list |
257 |
of licenses</a>. If the license you are concerned with is not |
258 |
listed there, you can ask us about it by sending us email at |
259 |
<a href="mailto:licensing@gnu.org"><licensing@gnu.org></a>. |
260 |
</p> |
261 |
|
262 |
<p> |
263 |
If you are contemplating writing a new license, please contact the |
264 |
Free Software Foundation first by writing to that address. The |
265 |
proliferation of different free software licenses means increased work |
266 |
for users in understanding the licenses; we may be able to help you |
267 |
find an existing free software license that meets your needs. |
268 |
</p> |
269 |
|
270 |
<p> |
271 |
If that isn't possible, if you really need a new license, with our |
272 |
help you can ensure that the license really is a free software license |
273 |
and avoid various practical problems. |
274 |
</p> |
275 |
|
276 |
<h2 id="beyond-software">Beyond Software</h2> |
277 |
|
278 |
<p> |
279 |
<a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Software manuals must be free</a>, |
280 |
for the same reasons that software must be free, and because the |
281 |
manuals are in effect part of the software. |
282 |
</p> |
283 |
|
284 |
<p> |
285 |
The same arguments also make sense for other kinds of works of |
286 |
practical use — that is to say, works that embody useful knowledge, |
287 |
such as educational works and reference |
288 |
works. <a href="http://wikipedia.org">Wikipedia</a> is the best-known |
289 |
example. |
290 |
</p> |
291 |
|
292 |
<p> |
293 |
Any kind of work <em>can</em> be free, and the definition of free software |
294 |
has been extended to a definition of <a href="http://freedomdefined.org/"> |
295 |
free cultural works</a> applicable to any kind of works. |
296 |
</p> |
297 |
|
298 |
<h2 id="open-source">Open Source?</h2> |
299 |
|
300 |
<p> |
301 |
Another group has started using the term “open source” to mean |
302 |
something close (but not identical) to “free software.” We |
303 |
prefer the term “free software” because, once you have heard that |
304 |
it refers to freedom rather than price, it calls to mind freedom. The |
305 |
word “open” <a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"> |
306 |
never refers to freedom</a>. |
307 |
</p> |
308 |
|
309 |
<h2 id="History">History</h2> |
310 |
|
311 |
<p>From time to time we revise this Free Software Definition to |
312 |
clarify it. Here we provide a list of those modifications, along with |
313 |
links to illustrate exactly what changed, so that others can review |
314 |
them if they like.</p> |
315 |
|
316 |
<ul> |
317 |
|
318 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.104&r2=1.105">Version |
319 |
1.105</a>: Reflect, in the brief statement of freedom 1, the point |
320 |
(already stated in version 1.80) that it includes really using your modified |
321 |
version for your computing.</li> |
322 |
|
323 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.91&r2=1.92">Version |
324 |
1.92</a>: Clarify that obfuscated code does not qualify as source code.</li> |
325 |
|
326 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.89&r2=1.90">Version |
327 |
1.90</a>: Clarify that freedom 3 means the right to distribute copies |
328 |
of your own modified or improved version, not a right to participate |
329 |
in someone else's development project.</li> |
330 |
|
331 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.88&r2=1.89">Version |
332 |
1.89</a>: Freedom 3 includes the right to release modified versions as |
333 |
free software.</li> |
334 |
|
335 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.79&r2=1.80">Version |
336 |
1.80</a>: Freedom 1 must be practical, not just theoretical; |
337 |
i.e., no tivoization.</li> |
338 |
|
339 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.76&r2=1.77">Version |
340 |
1.77</a>: Clarify that all retroactive changes to the license are |
341 |
unacceptable, even if it's not described as a complete |
342 |
replacement.</li> |
343 |
|
344 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.73&r2=1.74">Version |
345 |
1.74</a>: Four clarifications of points not explicit enough, or stated |
346 |
in some places but not reflected everywhere: |
347 |
<ul> |
348 |
<li>"Improvements" does not mean the license can |
349 |
substantively limit what kinds of modified versions you can release. |
350 |
Freedom 3 includes distributing modified versions, not just changes.</li> |
351 |
<li>The right to merge in existing modules |
352 |
refers to those that are suitably licensed.</li> |
353 |
<li>Explicitly state the conclusion of the point about export controls.</li> |
354 |
<li>Imposing a license change constitutes revoking the old license.</li> |
355 |
</ul> |
356 |
</li> |
357 |
|
358 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.56&r2=1.57">Version |
359 |
1.57</a>: Add "Beyond Software" section.</li> |
360 |
|
361 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.45&r2=1.46">Version |
362 |
1.46</a>: Clarify whose purpose is significant in the freedom to run |
363 |
the program for any purpose.</li> |
364 |
|
365 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.40&r2=1.41">Version |
366 |
1.41</a>: Clarify wording about contract-based licenses.</li> |
367 |
|
368 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.39&r2=1.40">Version |
369 |
1.40</a>: Explain that a free license must allow to you use other |
370 |
available free software to create your modifications.</li> |
371 |
|
372 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.38&r2=1.39">Version |
373 |
1.39</a>: Note that it is acceptable for a license to require you to |
374 |
provide source for versions of the software you put into public |
375 |
use.</li> |
376 |
|
377 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.30&r2=1.31">Version |
378 |
1.31</a>: Note that it is acceptable for a license to require you to |
379 |
identify yourself as the author of modifications. Other minor |
380 |
clarifications throughout the text.</li> |
381 |
|
382 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.22&r2=1.23">Version |
383 |
1.23</a>: Address potential problems related to contract-based |
384 |
licenses.</li> |
385 |
|
386 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.15&r2=1.16">Version |
387 |
1.16</a>: Explain why distribution of binaries is important.</li> |
388 |
|
389 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.10&r2=1.11">Version |
390 |
1.11</a>: Note that a free license may require you to send a copy of |
391 |
versions you distribute to the author.</li> |
392 |
|
393 |
</ul> |
394 |
|
395 |
<p>There are gaps in the version numbers because there are many other |
396 |
changes that do not affect the substance of the definition at all. |
397 |
Instead, they fix links, add translations, and so on. If you would |
398 |
like to review the complete list of changes, you can do so on |
399 |
our <a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&view=log">cvsweb |
400 |
interface</a>.</p> |
401 |
|
402 |
</div> |
403 |
|
404 |
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> |
405 |
|
406 |
<div id="footer"> |
407 |
|
408 |
<p> |
409 |
Please send FSF & GNU inquiries to |
410 |
<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. |
411 |
There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> |
412 |
the FSF. |
413 |
<br /> |
414 |
Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to |
415 |
<a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>. |
416 |
</p> |
417 |
|
418 |
<p> |
419 |
Please see the |
420 |
<a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations |
421 |
README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting |
422 |
translations of this article. |
423 |
</p> |
424 |
|
425 |
<p> |
426 |
Copyright © 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004, |
427 |
2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. |
428 |
</p> |
429 |
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" |
430 |
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative |
431 |
Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>. |
432 |
</p> |
433 |
|
434 |
<p> |
435 |
Updated: |
436 |
<!-- timestamp start --> |
437 |
$Date: 2011/11/03 19:23:41 $ |
438 |
<!-- timestamp end --> |
439 |
</p> |
440 |
</div> |
441 |
|
442 |
<!-- <div id="translations"> --> |
443 |
<!-- <h4>Translations of this page</h4> --> |
444 |
<!-- --> |
445 |
<!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code. --> |
446 |
<!-- Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German. --> |
447 |
<!-- Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text. --> |
448 |
<!-- If you add a new language here, please --> |
449 |
<!-- advise web-translators@gnu.org and add it to --> |
450 |
<!-- - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html --> |
451 |
<!-- - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" --> |
452 |
<!-- - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias --> |
453 |
<!-- to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases --> |
454 |
<!-- Please also check you have the language code right; see: --> |
455 |
<!-- http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php --> |
456 |
<!-- If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available, --> |
457 |
<!-- use the 3-letter ISO 639-2. --> |
458 |
<!-- Please use W3C normative character entities. --> |
459 |
<!-- --> |
460 |
<!-- <ul class="translations-list"> --> |
461 |
<!-- Afrikaans --> |
462 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.af.html">Afrikaans</a> [af]</li> --> |
463 |
<!-- Arabic --> |
464 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ar.html">العربية</a> [ar]</li> --> |
465 |
<!-- Azerbaijani --> |
466 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.az.html">Azərbaycanca</a> [az]</li> --> |
467 |
<!-- Bulgarian --> |
468 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.bg.html">български</a> [bg]</li> --> |
469 |
<!-- Bengali --> |
470 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.bn.html">বাংলা</a> [bn]</li> --> |
471 |
<!-- Bosnian --> |
472 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.bs.html">bosanski</a> [bs]</li> --> |
473 |
<!-- Catalan --> |
474 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ca.html">català</a> [ca]</li> --> |
475 |
<!-- Czech --> |
476 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.cs.html">Česky</a> [cs]</li> --> |
477 |
<!-- Danish --> |
478 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.da.html">dansk</a> [da]</li> --> |
479 |
<!-- German --> |
480 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.de.html">Deutsch</a> [de]</li> --> |
481 |
<!-- Greek --> |
482 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.el.html">ελληνικά</a> [el]</li> --> |
483 |
<!-- English --> |
484 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">English</a> [en]</li> --> |
485 |
<!-- Esperanto --> |
486 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.eo.html">Esperanto</a> [eo]</li> --> |
487 |
<!-- Spanish --> |
488 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.es.html">español</a> [es]</li> --> |
489 |
<!-- Farsi (Persian) --> |
490 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.fa.html">فارسی</a> [fa]</li> --> |
491 |
<!-- French --> |
492 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.fr.html">français</a> [fr]</li> --> |
493 |
<!-- Galician --> |
494 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.gl.html">galego</a> [gl]</li> --> |
495 |
<!-- Hebrew --> |
496 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.he.html">עברית</a> [he]</li> --> |
497 |
<!-- Croatian --> |
498 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.hr.html">hrvatski</a> [hr]</li> --> |
499 |
<!-- Hungarian --> |
500 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.hu.html">magyar</a> [hu]</li> --> |
501 |
<!-- Indonesian --> |
502 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.id.html">Bahasa Indonesia</a> [id]</li> --> |
503 |
<!-- Italian --> |
504 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.it.html">italiano</a> [it]</li> --> |
505 |
<!-- Japanese --> |
506 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ja.html">日本語</a> [ja]</li> --> |
507 |
<!-- Korean --> |
508 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ko.html">한국어</a> [ko]</li> --> |
509 |
<!-- Norwegian Bokmål --> |
510 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.nb.html">norsk (bokmål)</a> [nb]</li> --> |
511 |
<!-- Dutch --> |
512 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.nl.html">Nederlands</a> [nl]</li> --> |
513 |
<!-- Polish --> |
514 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.pl.html">polski</a> [pl]</li> --> |
515 |
<!-- Brazilian Portuguese --> |
516 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.pt-br.html">português do Brasil</a> [pt-br]</li> --> |
517 |
<!-- Romanian --> |
518 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ro.html">română</a> [ro]</li> --> |
519 |
<!-- Russian --> |
520 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ru.html">русский</a> [ru]</li> --> |
521 |
<!-- Slovak --> |
522 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sk.html">slovenčina</a> [sk]</li> --> |
523 |
<!-- - Slovenian --> |
524 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sl.html">slovenščina</a> [sl]</li> --> |
525 |
<!-- Serbian --> |
526 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sr.html">српски</a> [sr]</li> --> |
527 |
<!-- Swedish --> |
528 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sv.html">svenska</a> [sv]</li> --> |
529 |
<!-- Tamil --> |
530 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ta.html">தமிழ்</a> [ta]</li> --> |
531 |
<!-- Tagalog --> |
532 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.tl.html">Tagalog</a> [tl]</li> --> |
533 |
<!-- Turkish --> |
534 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.tr.html">Türkçe</a> [tr]</li> --> |
535 |
<!-- Chinese (Simplified) --> |
536 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.zh-cn.html">简体中文</a> [zh-cn]</li> --> |
537 |
<!-- Chinese (Traditional) --> |
538 |
<!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.zh-tw.html">繁體中文</a> [zh-tw]</li> --> |
539 |
<!-- </ul> --> |
540 |
<!-- </div> --> |
541 |
|
542 |
</div> |
543 |
|
544 |
</body> |
545 |
</html> |