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14  [  <!-- Please make sure to properly nest your tags -->
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17  <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.hr.html">Croatian</A>  <!-- See validator.w3.org -->
18  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.cs.html">Czech</A>  
19  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.da.html">Danish</A>  <body>
20  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.nl.html">Dutch</A>  
21  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.html">English</A>  <div id="header">
22  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.fr.html">French</A>    <a href="http://www.defectivebydesign.org/join/gnu"><img src="/graphics/dbd.png" alt="[Join the FSF Campaign to Eliminate DRM]" /></a>
23  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.gl.html">Galician</A>  </div>
24  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.de.html">German</A>  
25  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.hu.html">Hungarian</A>  <hr />
26  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.id.html">Indonesian</A>  
27  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.it.html">Italian</A>  <p><a href="#translations">Translations</a> of this page</p>
28  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.ja.html">Japanese</A>  
29  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.ko.html">Korean</A>  <h3>The Free Software Definition</h3>
30  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.no.html">Norwegian</A>  <p>
31  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.pl.html">Polish</A>  <a href="/graphics/philosophicalgnu.html"><img src="/graphics/philosophical-gnu-sm.jpg" alt=" [image of a Philosophical Gnu] " width="160" height="200" /></a>
32  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.pt.html">Portuguese</A>  </p>
 | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.ro.html">Romanian</A>  
 | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.ru.html">Russian</A>  
 | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.sl.html">Slovenian</A>  
 | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.es.html">Spanish</A>  
 | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.sv.html">Swedish</A>    
 | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.tr.html">Turkish</A>  
 <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->  
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 ]  
 <P>  
33    
34    <p>
35  We maintain this free software definition to show clearly what must be  We maintain this free software definition to show clearly what must be
36  true about a particular software program for it to be considered  true about a particular software program for it to be considered
37  free software.  free software.</p>
38    <p>
 <P>  
   
39  ``Free software'' is a matter of liberty, not price.  To understand the  ``Free software'' is a matter of liberty, not price.  To understand the
40  concept, you should think of ``free'' as in ``free speech,'' not as in  concept, you should think of ``free'' as in ``free speech,'' not as in
41  ``free beer.''  ``free beer.''</p>
42  <P>  <p>
43  Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy,  Free software is a matter of the users' freedom to run, copy,
44  distribute, study, change and improve the software.  More precisely,  distribute, study, change and improve the software.  More precisely,
45  it refers to four kinds of freedom, for the users of the software:  it refers to four kinds of freedom, for the users of the software:</p>
 <P>  
46    
47  <UL>  <ul>
48    <LI>The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).    <li>The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).</li>
49    <LI>The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs    <li>The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs
50        (freedom 1).   Access to the source code is a precondition for this.        (freedom 1).   Access to the source code is a precondition for this.</li>
51    <LI>The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor    <li>The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor
52        (freedom 2).        (freedom 2).</li>
53    <LI>The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements    <li>The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements
54       to the public, so that the whole community benefits       to the public, so that the whole community benefits
55        (freedom 3).   Access to the source code is a precondition for this.        (freedom 3).   Access to the source code is a precondition for this.</li>
56  </UL>  </ul>
57    
58  <P>  <p>
59  A program is free software if users have all of these freedoms.  A program is free software if users have all of these freedoms.
60  Thus, you should be free to redistribute copies, either with or  Thus, you should be free to redistribute copies, either with or
61  without modifications, either gratis or charging a fee for  without modifications, either gratis or charging a fee for
62  distribution, to <A HREF="#exportcontrol">anyone anywhere</A>.  Being  distribution, to <a href="#exportcontrol">anyone anywhere</a>.  Being
63  free to do these things means (among other things) that you do not  free to do these things means (among other things) that you do not
64  have to ask or pay for permission.  have to ask or pay for permission.</p>
65    <p>
 <P>  
66  You should also have the freedom to make modifications and use them  You should also have the freedom to make modifications and use them
67  privately in your own work or play, without even mentioning that they  privately in your own work or play, without even mentioning that they
68  exist.  If you do publish your changes, you should not be required to  exist.  If you do publish your changes, you should not be required to
69  notify anyone in particular, or in any particular way.  notify anyone in particular, or in any particular way.</p>
70    <p>
71  <P>  The freedom to run the program means the freedom for any kind of
72  The freedom to use a program means the freedom for any kind of person  person or organization to use it on any kind of computer system, for
73  or organization to use it on any kind of computer system, for any kind  any kind of overall job and purpose, without being required to
74  of overall job, and without being required to communicate subsequently  communicate about it with the developer or any other specific entity.
75  with the developer or any other specific entity.  In this freedom, it is the <em>user's</em> purpose that matters, not
76    the <em>developer's</em> purpose; you as a user are free to run a
77  <P>  program for your purposes, and if you distribute it to someone else,
78    she is then free to run it for her purposes, but you are not entitled
79    to impose your purposes on her.
80    </p>
81    <p>
82  The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable  The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable
83  forms of the program, as well as source code, for both modified and  forms of the program, as well as source code, for both modified and
84  unmodified versions.  (Distributing programs in runnable form is  unmodified versions.  (Distributing programs in runnable form is
# Line 95  necessary for conveniently installable f Line 86  necessary for conveniently installable f
86  ok if there is no way to produce a binary or executable form for a  ok if there is no way to produce a binary or executable form for a
87  certain program (since some languages don't support that feature), but  certain program (since some languages don't support that feature), but
88  you must have the freedom to redistribute such forms should you find  you must have the freedom to redistribute such forms should you find
89  or develop a way to make them.  or develop a way to make them.</p>
90    <p>
 <P>  
91  In order for the freedoms to make changes, and to publish improved  In order for the freedoms to make changes, and to publish improved
92  versions, to be meaningful, you must have access to the source code of  versions, to be meaningful, you must have access to the source code of
93  the program.  Therefore, accessibility of source code is a necessary  the program.  Therefore, accessibility of source code is a necessary
94  condition for free software.  condition for free software.</p>
95    <p>
96  <P>  One important way to modify a program is by merging in available free
97    subroutines and modules.  If the program's license says that you
98    cannot merge in an existing module, such as if it requires you to be
99    the copyright holder of any code you add, then the license is too
100    restrictive to qualify as free.</p>
101    <p>
102  In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be irrevocable as  In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be irrevocable as
103  long as you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the software has the  long as you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the software has the
104  power to revoke the license, without your doing anything to give  power to revoke the license, without your doing anything to give
105  cause, the software is not free.  cause, the software is not free.</p>
106    <p>
 <P>  
107  However, certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free  However, certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free
108  software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central  software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central
109  freedoms.  For example, copyleft (very simply stated) is the rule that  freedoms.  For example, copyleft (very simply stated) is the rule that
110  when redistributing the program, you cannot add restrictions to deny  when redistributing the program, you cannot add restrictions to deny
111  other people the central freedoms.  This rule does not conflict with  other people the central freedoms.  This rule does not conflict with
112  the central freedoms; rather it protects them.  the central freedoms; rather it protects them.</p>
113    <p>
114  <P>  You may have paid money to get copies of free software, or you
 Thus, you may have paid money to get copies of free software, or you  
115  may have obtained copies at no charge.  But regardless of how you got  may have obtained copies at no charge.  But regardless of how you got
116  your copies, you always have the freedom to copy and change the  your copies, you always have the freedom to copy and change the
117  software, even to <A HREF="/philosophy/selling.html">sell copies</A>.  software, even to <a href="/philosophy/selling.html">sell copies</a>.</p>
118  <P>  <p>
   
119  ``Free software'' does not mean ``non-commercial''.  A free program  ``Free software'' does not mean ``non-commercial''.  A free program
120  must be available for commercial use, commercial development, and  must be available for commercial use, commercial development, and
121  commercial distribution.  Commercial development of free software is  commercial distribution.  Commercial development of free software is
122  no longer unusual; such free commercial software is very important.  no longer unusual; such free commercial software is very important.</p>
123    <p>
 <P>  
124  Rules about how to package a modified version are acceptable, if they  Rules about how to package a modified version are acceptable, if they
125  don't effectively block your freedom to release modified versions.  don't substantively block your freedom to release modified versions,
126  Rules that ``if you make the program available in this way, you must  or your freedom to make and use modified versions privately.  Rules
127  make it available in that way also'' can be acceptable too, on the  that ``if you make your version available in this way, you must make
128  same condition.  (Note that such a rule still leaves you the choice of  it available in that way also'' can be acceptable too, on the same
129  whether to publish the program or not.)  It is also acceptable for the  condition.  (Note that such a rule still leaves you the choice of
130  license to require that, if you have distributed a modified version  whether to publish your version at all.)  Rules that require release
131  and a previous developer asks for a copy of it, you must send one.  of source code to the users for versions that you put into public use
132    are also acceptable.  It is also acceptable for the license to require
133  <P>  that, if you have distributed a modified version and a previous
134  In the GNU project, we use <A HREF="/copyleft/copyleft.html">  developer asks for a copy of it, you must send one, or that you
135  ``copyleft''</A> to protect these freedoms legally for everyone.  But  identify yourself on your modifications.
136  <A HREF="/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware">  </p>
137  non-copylefted free software</A> also exists.  We believe there are  <p>
138  important reasons why <A HREF="/philosophy/pragmatic.html"> it is  In the GNU project, we use <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">``copyleft''</a>
139  better to use copyleft</A>, but if your program is non-copylefted free  to protect these freedoms legally for everyone.  But
140  software, we can still use it.  <a href="/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware">non-copylefted
141    free software</a> also exists.  We believe there are
142  <P>  important reasons why <a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html"> it is
143  See <A HREF="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free Software  better to use copyleft</a>, but if your program is non-copylefted free
144         (18k characters)</A>  software, we can still use it.</p>
145    <p>
146    See <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free Software</a>
147  for a description of how ``free software,'' ``copylefted software'' and  for a description of how ``free software,'' ``copylefted software'' and
148  other categories of software relate to each other.  other categories of software relate to each other.</p>
149    <p>
150  <P>  Sometimes government <a id="exportcontrol">export control
151  Sometimes government <A NAME="exportcontrol">export control  regulations</a> and trade sanctions can constrain your freedom to
 regulations</A> and trade sanctions can constrain your freedom to  
152  distribute copies of programs internationally.  Software developers do  distribute copies of programs internationally.  Software developers do
153  not have the power to eliminate or override these restrictions, but  not have the power to eliminate or override these restrictions, but
154  what they can and must do is refuse to impose them as conditions of  what they can and must do is refuse to impose them as conditions of
155  use of the program.  In this way, the restrictions will not affect  use of the program.  In this way, the restrictions will not affect
156  activities and people outside the jurisdictions of these governments.  activities and people outside the jurisdictions of these governments.</p>
157    <p>
 <P>  
158  Most free software licenses are based on copyright, and there are  Most free software licenses are based on copyright, and there are
159  limits on what kinds of requirements can be imposed through copyright.  limits on what kinds of requirements can be imposed through copyright.
160  If a copyright-based license respects freedom in the ways described  If a copyright-based license respects freedom in the ways described
# Line 172  anticipated (though this does happen occ Line 163  anticipated (though this does happen occ
163  free software licenses are based on contracts, and contracts can  free software licenses are based on contracts, and contracts can
164  impose a much larger range of possible restrictions.  That means there  impose a much larger range of possible restrictions.  That means there
165  are many possible ways such a license could be unacceptably  are many possible ways such a license could be unacceptably
166  restrictive and non-free.  restrictive and non-free.</p>
167  <P>  <p>
168  We can't possibly list all the possible contract restrictions that  We can't possibly list all the ways that might happen.  If a
169  would be unacceptable.  If a contract-based license restricts the user  contract-based license restricts the user in an unusual way that
170  in an unusual way that copyright-based licenses cannot, and which  copyright-based licenses cannot, and which isn't mentioned here as
171  isn't mentioned here as legitimate, we will have to think about it,  legitimate, we will have to think about it, and we will probably
172  and we will probably decide it is non-free.  conclude it is non-free.</p>
173  <P>  <p>
174  When talking about free software, it is best to avoid using terms like  When talking about free software, it is best to avoid using terms like
175  ``give away'' or ``for free'', because those terms imply that the  ``give away'' or ``for free'', because those terms imply that the
176  issue is about price, not freedom.  Some common terms such as  issue is about price, not freedom.  Some common terms such as
177  ``piracy'' embody opinions we hope you won't endorse.  See <A  ``piracy'' embody opinions we hope you won't endorse.  See
178  HREF="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Confusing Words and Phrases  <a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html">Confusing Words and Phrases
179  that are Worth Avoiding</A> for a discussion of these terms.  that are Worth Avoiding</a> for a discussion of these terms.
180  We also have a list of <A HREF="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">translations  We also have a list of <a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html">translations
181  of "free software"</A> into various languages.  of "free software"</a> into various languages.</p>
182    <p>
 <P>  
   
183  Finally, note that criteria such as those stated in this free software  Finally, note that criteria such as those stated in this free software
184  definition require careful thought for their interpretation.  To  definition require careful thought for their interpretation.  To
185  decide whether a specific software license qualifies as a free  decide whether a specific software license qualifies as a free
# Line 202  requirement raises an issue that calls f Line 191  requirement raises an issue that calls f
191  including discussions with a lawyer, before we can decide if the  including discussions with a lawyer, before we can decide if the
192  requirement is acceptable.  When we reach a conclusion about a new  requirement is acceptable.  When we reach a conclusion about a new
193  issue, we often update these criteria to make it easier to see why  issue, we often update these criteria to make it easier to see why
194  certain licenses do or don't qualify.  certain licenses do or don't qualify.</p>
195    <p>
 <P>  
   
196  If you are interested in whether a specific license qualifies as a  If you are interested in whether a specific license qualifies as a
197  free software license, see our <A  free software license, see our <a
198  HREF="/licenses/license-list.html">list of licenses</A>.  If the  href="/licenses/license-list.html">list of licenses</a>.  If the
199  license you are concerned with is not listed there, you can ask us  license you are concerned with is not listed there, you can ask us
200  about it by sending us email at <A  about it by sending us email at <a
201  HREF="mailto:licensing@gnu.org">&lt;licensing@gnu.org&gt;</A>.  href="mailto:licensing@gnu.org">&lt;licensing@gnu.org&gt;</a>.</p> <p>
202    If you are contemplating writing a new license, please contact the FSF
203  <HR>  by writing to that address. The proliferation of different free
204    software licenses means increased work for users in understanding the
205  <H4><A HREF="/philosophy/philosophy.html">Other Texts to Read</A></H4>  licenses; we may be able to help you find an existing Free Software
206    license that meets your needs.
207    </p>
208    
209    <p>
210    If that isn't possible, if you really need a new license, with our
211    help you can ensure that the license really is a Free Software license
212    and avoid various practical problems.
213    </p>
214    <hr />
215    
216  <P>  <p>
217  Another group has started using the term "open source" to mean  Another group has started using the term "open source" to mean
218  something close (but not identical) to "free software".  We prefer the  something close (but not identical) to "free software".  We prefer the
219  term "free software" because, once you have heard it refers to freedom  term "free software" because, once you have heard it refers to freedom
220  rather than price, <A HREF="free-software-for-freedom.html">it calls  rather than price, <a href="free-software-for-freedom.html">it calls
221  to mind freedom</A>.  to mind freedom</a>.  The word "open" never does that.</p>
222    
223  <HR>  <hr />
224    <h4><a href="/philosophy/philosophy.html">Other Texts to Read</a></h4>
225    
226    
227    <!-- All pages on the GNU web server should have the section about    -->
228    <!-- verbatim copying.  Please do NOT remove this without talking     -->
229    <!-- with the webmasters first. -->
230    <!-- Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the document -->
231    <!-- and that it is like this "2001, 2002" not this "2001-2002." -->
232    
233    <div class="translations">
234    <p><a id="translations"></a>
235    <b>Translations of this page</b>:<br />
236    
237    <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical, and in the original -->
238    <!-- language if possible, otherwise default to English -->
239    <!-- If you do not have it English, please comment what the -->
240    <!-- English is.  If you add a new language here, please -->
241    <!-- advise web-translators@gnu.org and add it to -->
242    <!--    - in /home/www/bin/nightly-vars either TAGSLANG or WEBLANG -->
243    <!--    - in /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->
244    <!--      one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->
245    <!--    - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->
246    <!--      to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->
247    <!-- Please also check you have the 2 letter language code right versus -->
248    <!--     http://www.w3.org/WAI/ER/IG/ert/iso639.htm -->
249  [  [
250  <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->    <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ar.html">&#1575;&#1604;&#1593;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1577;</a> |<!-- Arabic -->
251  <!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! -->    <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ca.html">Catal&#x00e0;</a>       <!-- Catalan -->
252  <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.hr.html">Croatian</A>  
253  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.cs.html">Czech</A>  <!-- Chinese (Simplified) -->
254  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.da.html">Danish</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.cn.html">&#x7b80;&#x4f53;&#x4e2d;&#x6587;</a>
255  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.nl.html">Dutch</A>  
256  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.html">English</A>  <!-- Chinese (Traditional) -->
257  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.fr.html">French</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.zh.html">&#x7e41;&#x9ad4;&#x4e2d;&#x6587;</a>
258  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.gl.html">Galician</A>  
259  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.de.html">German</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.cs.html">&#x010c;esky</a>        <!-- Czech -->
260  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.hu.html">Hungarian</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.da.html">Dansk</a>       <!-- Danish -->
261  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.id.html">Indonesian</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.de.html">Deutsch</a>     <!-- German -->
262  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.it.html">Italian</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">English</a>
263  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.ja.html">Japanese</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.el.html">Ελληνικά</a>  <!--Greek-->
264  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.ko.html">Korean</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.es.html">Espa&#x00f1;ol</a>      <!-- Spanish -->
265  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.no.html">Norwegian</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.eo.html">Esperanto</a>
266  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.pl.html">Polish</A>  
267  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.pt.html">Portuguese</A>  <!-- Persian/Farsi -->
268  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.ro.html">Romanian</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.fa.html">&#x0641;&#x0627;&#x0631;&#x0633;&#x06cc;</a>
269  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.ru.html">Russian</A>  
270  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.sl.html">Slovenian</A>        | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.fr.html">Fran&#x00e7;ais</a>     <!-- French -->
271  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.es.html">Spanish</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.gl.html">Galego</a>      <!-- Galician -->
272  | <A HREF="/philosophy/free-sw.tr.html">Turkish</A>  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.he.html">&#x05e2;&#x05d1;&#x05e8;&#x05d9;&#x05ea;</a>    <!-- Hebrew -->
273  <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical -->  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.hr.html">Hrvatski</a>    <!-- Croatian -->
274  <!-- PLEASE UPDATE THE LIST AT THE BOTTOM (OR TOP) OF THE PAGE TOO! -->  | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.id.html">Bahasa Indonesia</a>    <!-- Indonesian -->
275    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.it.html">Italiano</a>    <!-- Italian -->
276    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ja.html">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>    <!-- Japanese -->
277    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ko.html">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>    <!-- Korean -->
278    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.hu.html">Magyar</a>      <!-- Hungarian -->
279    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.nl.html">Nederlands</a>  <!-- Dutch -->
280    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.no.html">Norsk</a>       <!-- Norwegian -->
281    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.pl.html">Polski</a>      <!-- Polish -->
282    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.pt.html">Portugu&#x0ea;s</a>     <!-- Portuguese -->
283    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ro.html">Rom&#x00e2;n&#x0103;</a>        <!-- Romanian -->
284    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ru.html">&#1056;&#1091;&#1089;&#1089;&#1082;&#1080;&#1081;</a> <!-- Russian -->
285    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sl.html">Slovinsko</a>   <!--- Slovenian -->
286    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sr.html">&#x0421;&#x0440;&#x043f;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;</a> <!-- Serbian -->
287    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.tl.html">Tagalog</a>     <!-- Tagalog -->
288    | <a href="/philosophy/free-sw.tr.html">T&#x00fc;rk&#x00e7;e</a>        <!-- Turkish -->
289  ]  ]
290  <P>  </p>
291  Return to <A HREF="/home.html">GNU's home page</A>.  </div>
292  <P>  
293    <div class="copyright">
294  Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries &amp; questions to  <p>
295    Return to the <a href="/home.html">GNU Project home page</a>.
296  <A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>.  </p>
297  There are also <A HREF="/home.html#ContactInfo">other ways to  
298  contact</A> the FSF.  <p>
299  <P>  Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to
300    <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><em>gnu@gnu.org</em></a>.
301  Please send comments on these web pages to  There are also <a href="/home.html#ContactInfo">other ways to contact</a>
302    the FSF.
303  <A HREF="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><EM>webmasters@gnu.org</EM></A>,  <br />
304  send other questions to  Please send broken links and other corrections (or suggestions) to
305  <A HREF="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><EM>gnu@gnu.org</EM></A>.  <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><em>webmasters@gnu.org</em></a>.
306  <P>  </p>
307  Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, Free  
308  Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place - Suite 330, Boston, MA  <p>
309  02111,  USA  Please see the
310  <P>  <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
311    README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting
312    translations of this article.
313    </p>
314    
315    <p>
316    Copyright (C) 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004 Free
317    Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin St, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA
318    02110,  USA
319    <br />
320  Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is  Verbatim copying and distribution of this entire article is
321  permitted in any medium, provided this notice is preserved.  permitted in any medium without royalty provided this notice is
322  <P>  preserved.
323    </p>
324    
325    <p>
326  Updated:  Updated:
327  <!-- timestamp start -->  <!-- timestamp start -->
328  $Date$ $Author$  $Date$ $Author$
329  <!-- timestamp end -->  <!-- timestamp end -->
330  <HR>  </p>
331  </BODY>  </div>
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332    
333    </body>
334    </html>
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