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revision 1.116 by ineiev, Sun Jun 10 08:06:12 2012 UTC revision 1.121 by rms, Mon May 27 03:49:32 2013 UTC
# Line 7  Line 7 
7  <link rel="alternate" title="What's New" href="http://www.gnu.org/rss/whatsnew.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />  <link rel="alternate" title="What's New" href="http://www.gnu.org/rss/whatsnew.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />
8  <link rel="alternate" title="New Free Software" href="http://www.gnu.org/rss/quagga.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />  <link rel="alternate" title="New Free Software" href="http://www.gnu.org/rss/quagga.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />
9    
 <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->  
10  <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-sw.translist" -->  <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-sw.translist" -->
11    <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
12    
13  <h2>What is free software?</h2>  <h2>What is free software?</h2>
14    
# Line 107  make them. Line 107  make them.
107    
108  <p>  <p>
109  In order for freedoms 1 and 3 (the freedom to make changes and the  In order for freedoms 1 and 3 (the freedom to make changes and the
110  freedom to publish improved versions) to be meaningful, you must have  freedom to publish the changed versions) to be meaningful, you must have
111  access to the source code of the program.  Therefore, accessibility of  access to the source code of the program.  Therefore, accessibility of
112  source code is a necessary condition for free software.  Obfuscated  source code is a necessary condition for free software.  Obfuscated
113  &ldquo;source code&rdquo; is not real source code and does not count  &ldquo;source code&rdquo; is not real source code and does not count
# Line 173  you always have the freedom to copy and Line 173  you always have the freedom to copy and
173    
174  <p>  <p>
175  Whether a change constitutes an improvement is a subjective matter.  Whether a change constitutes an improvement is a subjective matter.
176  If your modifications are limited, in substance, to changes that  If your right to modify a program is limited, in substance, to changes that
177  someone else considers an improvement, that is not freedom.  someone else considers an improvement, that program is not free.
178  </p>  </p>
179    
180  <p>  <p>
# Line 190  the program, so you won't have trouble m Line 190  the program, so you won't have trouble m
190  </p>  </p>
191    
192  <p>  <p>
 A special issue arises when a license requires changing the name by  
 which the program will be invoked from other programs.  That  
 effectively hampers you from releasing your changed version so that it  
 can replace the original when invoked by those other programs.  This  
 sort of requirement is acceptable only if there's a suitable aliasing  
 facility that allows you to specify the original program's name as an  
 alias for the modified version.</p>  
   
 <p>  
193  Rules that &ldquo;if you make your version available in this way, you  Rules that &ldquo;if you make your version available in this way, you
194  must make it available in that way also&rdquo; can be acceptable too,  must make it available in that way also&rdquo; can be acceptable too,
195  on the same condition.  An example of such an acceptable rule is one  on the same condition.  An example of such an acceptable rule is one
# Line 211  are also acceptable. Line 202  are also acceptable.
202  </p>  </p>
203    
204  <p>  <p>
205    A special issue arises when a license requires changing the name by
206    which the program will be invoked from other programs.  That
207    effectively hampers you from releasing your changed version so that it
208    can replace the original when invoked by those other programs.  This
209    sort of requirement is acceptable only if there's a suitable aliasing
210    facility that allows you to specify the original program's name as an
211    alias for the modified version.</p>
212    
213    <p>
214  In the GNU project, we use  In the GNU project, we use
215  <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a>  <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a>
216  to protect these freedoms legally for everyone.  But  to protect these freedoms legally for everyone.  But
# Line 299  help you can ensure that the license rea Line 299  help you can ensure that the license rea
299  and avoid various practical problems.  and avoid various practical problems.
300  </p>  </p>
301    
302  <h2 id="beyond-software">Beyond Software</h2>  <h3 id="beyond-software">Beyond Software</h3>
303    
304  <p>  <p>
305  <a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Software manuals must be free</a>,  <a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Software manuals must be free</a>,
# Line 321  has been extended to a definition of <a Line 321  has been extended to a definition of <a
321  free cultural works</a> applicable to any kind of works.  free cultural works</a> applicable to any kind of works.
322  </p>  </p>
323    
324  <h2 id="open-source">Open Source?</h2>  <h3 id="open-source">Open Source?</h3>
325    
326  <p>  <p>
327  Another group has started using the term &ldquo;open source&rdquo; to mean  Another group has started using the term &ldquo;open source&rdquo; to mean
# Line 332  word &ldquo;open&rdquo; <a href="/philos Line 332  word &ldquo;open&rdquo; <a href="/philos
332  never refers to freedom</a>.  never refers to freedom</a>.
333  </p>  </p>
334    
335  <h2 id="History">History</h2>  <h3 id="History">History</h3>
336    
337  <p>From time to time we revise this Free Software Definition.  Here is  <p>From time to time we revise this Free Software Definition.  Here is
338  the list of changes, along with links to show exactly what was  the list of substantive changes, along with links to show exactly what
339  changed.</p>  was changed.</p>
340    
341  <ul>  <ul>
342    
# Line 454  translations of this article. Line 454  translations of this article.
454  </p>  </p>
455    
456  <p>  <p>
457  Copyright &copy; 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004,  Copyright &copy; 1996-2002, 2004-2007, 2009, 2010, 2012 Free Software
458  2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  Foundation, Inc.
459  </p>  </p>
460  <p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"  <p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
461  href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative  href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
462  Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.  Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.
463  </p>  </p>
464    
465  <p>  <!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
466  Updated:  
467    <p>Updated:
468  <!-- timestamp start -->  <!-- timestamp start -->
469  $Date$  $Date$
470  <!-- timestamp end -->  <!-- timestamp end -->

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