1 |
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --> |
<!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" --> |
2 |
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.75 --> |
<!-- Parent-Version: 1.85 --> |
3 |
<title>What is free software? |
<title>What is free software? |
4 |
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title> |
- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title> |
5 |
|
|
11 |
|
|
12 |
<h2>What is free software?</h2> |
<h2>What is free software?</h2> |
13 |
|
|
14 |
|
<blockquote class="note" id="fsf-licensing"><p style="font-size: 80%"> |
15 |
|
Have a question about free software licensing not answered here? |
16 |
|
See our other <a href="http://www.fsf.org/licensing">licensing resources</a>, |
17 |
|
and if necessary contact the FSF Compliance Lab |
18 |
|
at <a href="mailto:licensing@fsf.org">licensing@fsf.org</a>.</p> |
19 |
|
</blockquote> |
20 |
|
|
21 |
<h3>The Free Software Definition</h3> |
<h3>The Free Software Definition</h3> |
22 |
|
|
23 |
<blockquote> |
<blockquote> |
29 |
below for a list of changes that affect the definition of free |
below for a list of changes that affect the definition of free |
30 |
software. |
software. |
31 |
</p> |
</p> |
|
</blockquote> |
|
32 |
|
|
33 |
<p> |
<p> |
34 |
“Free software” means software that respects users' |
“Open source” is something different: it has a very |
35 |
freedom and community. Roughly, <b>the users have the freedom to run, |
different philosophy based on different values. Its practical |
36 |
copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software</b>. |
definition is different too, but nearly all open source programs are |
37 |
|
in fact free. We explain the |
38 |
|
difference in <a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"> |
39 |
|
Why “Open Source” misses the point of Free Software</a>. |
40 |
</p> |
</p> |
41 |
|
</blockquote> |
42 |
|
|
43 |
<p> |
<p> |
44 |
Thus, “free software” is a matter of liberty, not price. |
“Free software” means software that respects users' |
45 |
To understand the concept, you should think of “free” as |
freedom and community. Roughly, it means that <b>the users have the |
46 |
in “free speech,” not as in “free beer”. |
freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the |
47 |
|
software</b>. Thus, “free software” is a matter of |
48 |
|
liberty, not price. To understand the concept, you should think of |
49 |
|
“free” as in “free speech,” not as in |
50 |
|
“free beer”. We sometimes call it “libre |
51 |
|
software,” borrowing the French or Spanish word for |
52 |
|
“free” as in freedom, to show we do not mean the software |
53 |
|
is gratis. |
54 |
</p> |
</p> |
55 |
|
|
56 |
<p> |
<p> |
57 |
With these freedoms, the users (both individually and collectively) |
We campaign for these freedoms because everyone deserves them. With |
58 |
control the program and what it does for them. When users don't |
these freedoms, the users (both individually and collectively) control |
59 |
control the program, the program controls the users. The developer |
the program and what it does for them. When users don't control the |
60 |
controls the program, and through it exercises power over the users. |
program, we call it a “nonfree” or |
61 |
Therefore, a “nonfree” or “proprietary” program |
“proprietary” program. The nonfree program controls the |
62 |
is <a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html"> an |
users, and the developer controls the program; this makes the |
63 |
instrument of unjust power</a>. |
program <a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html"> |
64 |
|
an instrument of unjust power</a>. |
65 |
</p> |
</p> |
66 |
|
|
67 |
|
<h4> The four essential freedoms</h4> |
68 |
|
|
69 |
<p> |
<p> |
70 |
A program is free software if the program's users have the |
A program is free software if the program's users have the |
71 |
four essential freedoms: |
four essential freedoms: <a href="#f1">[1]</a> |
72 |
</p> |
</p> |
73 |
|
|
74 |
<ul> |
<ul> |
75 |
<li>The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).</li> |
<li>The freedom to run the program as you wish, |
76 |
|
for any purpose (freedom 0).</li> |
77 |
<li>The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it |
<li>The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it |
78 |
does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source |
does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source |
79 |
code is a precondition for this. |
code is a precondition for this. |
80 |
</li> |
</li> |
81 |
<li>The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor |
<li>The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help others |
82 |
(freedom 2). |
(freedom 2). |
83 |
</li> |
</li> |
84 |
<li>The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions |
<li>The freedom to distribute copies of your modified versions |
94 |
nonfree distribution schemes in terms of how far they fall short of |
nonfree distribution schemes in terms of how far they fall short of |
95 |
being free, we consider them all equally unethical.</p> |
being free, we consider them all equally unethical.</p> |
96 |
|
|
97 |
<p>The rest of this page clarifies certain points about what makes |
<p>In any given scenario, these freedoms must apply to whatever code |
98 |
specific freedoms adequate or not.</p> |
we plan to make use of, or lead others to make use of. For instance, |
99 |
|
consider a program A which automatically launches a program B to |
100 |
<p>Freedom to distribute (freedoms 2 and 3) means you are free to |
handle some cases. If we plan to distribute A as it stands, that |
101 |
redistribute copies, either with or without modifications, either |
implies users will need B, so we need to judge whether both A and B |
102 |
gratis or charging a fee for distribution, to |
are free. However, if we plan to modify A so that it doesn't use B, |
103 |
<a href="#exportcontrol">anyone anywhere</a>. Being free to do these |
only A needs to be free; B is not pertinent to that plan.</p> |
|
things means (among other things) that you do not have to ask or pay |
|
|
for permission to do so. |
|
|
</p> |
|
104 |
|
|
105 |
<p> |
<p> |
106 |
You should also have the freedom to make modifications and use them |
“Free software” does not mean “noncommercial”. A free |
107 |
privately in your own work or play, without even mentioning that they |
program must be available for commercial use, commercial development, |
108 |
exist. If you do publish your changes, you should not be required to |
and commercial distribution. Commercial development of free software |
109 |
notify anyone in particular, or in any particular way. |
is no longer unusual; such free commercial software is very important. |
110 |
|
You may have paid money to get copies of free software, or you may have |
111 |
|
obtained copies at no charge. But regardless of how you got your copies, |
112 |
|
you always have the freedom to copy and change the software, even to |
113 |
|
<a href="/philosophy/selling.html">sell copies</a>. |
114 |
</p> |
</p> |
115 |
|
|
116 |
|
<p>The rest of this page clarifies certain points about what makes |
117 |
|
specific freedoms adequate or not.</p> |
118 |
|
|
119 |
|
<h4>The freedom to run the program as you wish</h4> |
120 |
|
|
121 |
<p> |
<p> |
122 |
The freedom to run the program means the freedom for any kind of person |
The freedom to run the program means the freedom for any kind of person |
123 |
or organization to use it on any kind of computer system, for any kind of |
or organization to use it on any kind of computer system, for any kind of |
130 |
</p> |
</p> |
131 |
|
|
132 |
<p> |
<p> |
133 |
The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable |
The freedom to run the program as you wish means that you are not |
134 |
forms of the program, as well as source code, for both modified and |
forbidden or stopped from making it run. This has nothing to do with what |
135 |
unmodified versions. (Distributing programs in runnable form is necessary |
functionality the program has, whether it is technically capable of |
136 |
for conveniently installable free operating systems.) It is OK if there |
functioning in any given environment, or whether it is useful for any |
137 |
is no way to produce a binary or executable form for a certain program |
particular computing activity.</p> |
138 |
(since some languages don't support that feature), but you must have the |
|
139 |
freedom to redistribute such forms should you find or develop a way to |
<h4>The freedom to study the source code and make changes</h4> |
|
make them. |
|
|
</p> |
|
140 |
|
|
141 |
<p> |
<p> |
142 |
In order for freedoms 1 and 3 (the freedom to make changes and the |
In order for freedoms 1 and 3 (the freedom to make changes and the |
153 |
run someone else's modified versions but refuse to run yours — a |
run someone else's modified versions but refuse to run yours — a |
154 |
practice known as “tivoization” or “lockdown”, |
practice known as “tivoization” or “lockdown”, |
155 |
or (in its practitioners' perverse terminology) as “secure |
or (in its practitioners' perverse terminology) as “secure |
156 |
boot” — freedom 1 becomes a theoretical fiction rather |
boot” — freedom 1 becomes an empty pretense rather than a |
157 |
than a practical freedom. This is not sufficient. In other words, |
practical reality. These binaries are not free |
158 |
these binaries are not free software even if the source code they are |
software even if the source code they are compiled from is free. |
|
compiled from is free. |
|
159 |
</p> |
</p> |
160 |
|
|
161 |
<p> |
<p> |
167 |
</p> |
</p> |
168 |
|
|
169 |
<p> |
<p> |
170 |
|
Whether a change constitutes an improvement is a subjective matter. |
171 |
|
If your right to modify a program is limited, in substance, to changes that |
172 |
|
someone else considers an improvement, that program is not free. |
173 |
|
</p> |
174 |
|
|
175 |
|
<h4>The freedom to redistribute if you wish: basic requirements</h4> |
176 |
|
|
177 |
|
<p>Freedom to distribute (freedoms 2 and 3) means you are free to |
178 |
|
redistribute copies, either with or without modifications, either |
179 |
|
gratis or charging a fee for distribution, to |
180 |
|
<a href="#exportcontrol">anyone anywhere</a>. Being free to do these |
181 |
|
things means (among other things) that you do not have to ask or pay |
182 |
|
for permission to do so. |
183 |
|
</p> |
184 |
|
|
185 |
|
<p> |
186 |
|
You should also have the freedom to make modifications and use them |
187 |
|
privately in your own work or play, without even mentioning that they |
188 |
|
exist. If you do publish your changes, you should not be required to |
189 |
|
notify anyone in particular, or in any particular way. |
190 |
|
</p> |
191 |
|
|
192 |
|
<p> |
193 |
Freedom 3 includes the freedom to release your modified versions |
Freedom 3 includes the freedom to release your modified versions |
194 |
as free software. A free license may also permit other ways of |
as free software. A free license may also permit other ways of |
195 |
releasing them; in other words, it does not have to be |
releasing them; in other words, it does not have to be |
199 |
</p> |
</p> |
200 |
|
|
201 |
<p> |
<p> |
202 |
In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be permanent and |
The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable |
203 |
irrevocable as long as you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the |
forms of the program, as well as source code, for both modified and |
204 |
software has the power to revoke the license, or retroactively add |
unmodified versions. (Distributing programs in runnable form is necessary |
205 |
restrictions to its terms, without your doing anything wrong to give |
for conveniently installable free operating systems.) It is OK if there |
206 |
cause, the software is not free. |
is no way to produce a binary or executable form for a certain program |
207 |
|
(since some languages don't support that feature), but you must have the |
208 |
|
freedom to redistribute such forms should you find or develop a way to |
209 |
|
make them. |
210 |
</p> |
</p> |
211 |
|
|
212 |
|
<h4>Copyleft</h4> |
213 |
|
|
214 |
<p> |
<p> |
215 |
However, certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free |
Certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free |
216 |
software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central |
software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central |
217 |
freedoms. For example, copyleft (very simply stated) is the rule that |
freedoms. For example, <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a> |
218 |
when redistributing the program, you cannot add restrictions to deny |
(very simply stated) is the rule that when redistributing the program, |
219 |
other people the central freedoms. This rule does not conflict with |
you cannot add restrictions to deny other people the central freedoms. |
220 |
the central freedoms; rather it protects them. |
This rule does not conflict with the central freedoms; rather it |
221 |
|
protects them. |
222 |
</p> |
</p> |
223 |
|
|
224 |
<p> |
<p> |
225 |
“Free software” does not mean “noncommercial”. A free |
In the GNU project, we use copyleft to protect the four freedoms |
226 |
program must be available for commercial use, commercial development, |
legally for everyone. We believe there are important reasons why |
227 |
and commercial distribution. Commercial development of free software |
<a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">it is better to use |
228 |
is no longer unusual; such free commercial software is very important. |
copyleft</a>. However, |
229 |
You may have paid money to get copies of free software, or you may have |
<a href="/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware"> |
230 |
obtained copies at no charge. But regardless of how you got your copies, |
noncopylefted free software</a> is ethical |
231 |
you always have the freedom to copy and change the software, even to |
too. See <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free |
232 |
<a href="/philosophy/selling.html">sell copies</a>. |
Software</a> for a description of how “free software,” |
233 |
|
“copylefted software” and other categories of software |
234 |
|
relate to each other. |
235 |
</p> |
</p> |
236 |
|
|
237 |
<p> |
<h4>Rules about packaging and distribution details</h4> |
|
Whether a change constitutes an improvement is a subjective matter. |
|
|
If your right to modify a program is limited, in substance, to changes that |
|
|
someone else considers an improvement, that program is not free. |
|
|
</p> |
|
238 |
|
|
239 |
<p> |
<p> |
240 |
However, rules about how to package a modified version are acceptable, |
Rules about how to package a modified version are acceptable, |
241 |
if they don't substantively limit your freedom to release modified |
if they don't substantively limit your freedom to release modified |
242 |
versions, or your freedom to make and use modified versions privately. |
versions, or your freedom to make and use modified versions privately. |
243 |
Thus, it is acceptable for the license to require that you change the |
Thus, it is acceptable for the license to require that you change the |
269 |
facility that allows you to specify the original program's name as an |
facility that allows you to specify the original program's name as an |
270 |
alias for the modified version.</p> |
alias for the modified version.</p> |
271 |
|
|
272 |
<p> |
<h4>Export regulations</h4> |
|
In the GNU project, we use |
|
|
<a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a> |
|
|
to protect these freedoms legally for everyone. But |
|
|
<a href="/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware">noncopylefted |
|
|
free software</a> also exists. We believe there are important reasons why |
|
|
<a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">it is better to use copyleft</a>, |
|
|
but if your program is noncopylefted free software, it is still basically |
|
|
ethical. (See <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free Software</a> for a description of how “free software,” “copylefted software” and other categories of software relate to each other.) |
|
|
</p> |
|
273 |
|
|
274 |
<p> |
<p> |
275 |
Sometimes government <a id="exportcontrol">export control regulations</a> |
Sometimes government <a id="exportcontrol">export control regulations</a> |
293 |
software nonfree. |
software nonfree. |
294 |
</p> |
</p> |
295 |
|
|
296 |
|
<h4>Legal considerations</h4> |
297 |
|
|
298 |
|
<p> |
299 |
|
In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be permanent and |
300 |
|
irrevocable as long as you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the |
301 |
|
software has the power to revoke the license, or retroactively add |
302 |
|
restrictions to its terms, without your doing anything wrong to give |
303 |
|
cause, the software is not free. |
304 |
|
</p> |
305 |
|
|
306 |
|
<p> |
307 |
|
A free license may not require compliance with the license of a |
308 |
|
nonfree program. Thus, for instance, if a license requires you to |
309 |
|
comply with the licenses of “all the programs you use”, in |
310 |
|
the case of a user that runs nonfree programs this would require |
311 |
|
compliance with the licenses of those nonfree programs; that makes the |
312 |
|
license nonfree. |
313 |
|
</p> |
314 |
|
|
315 |
|
<p> |
316 |
|
It is acceptable for a free license to specify which jurisdiction's |
317 |
|
law applies, or where litigation must be done, or both. |
318 |
|
</p> |
319 |
|
|
320 |
|
<h4>Contract-based licenses</h4> |
321 |
|
|
322 |
<p> |
<p> |
323 |
Most free software licenses are based on copyright, and there are limits |
Most free software licenses are based on copyright, and there are limits |
324 |
on what kinds of requirements can be imposed through copyright. If a |
on what kinds of requirements can be imposed through copyright. If a |
338 |
it is nonfree. |
it is nonfree. |
339 |
</p> |
</p> |
340 |
|
|
341 |
|
<h4>Use the right words when talking about free software</h4> |
342 |
|
|
343 |
<p> |
<p> |
344 |
When talking about free software, it is best to avoid using terms |
When talking about free software, it is best to avoid using terms |
345 |
like “give away” or “for free,” because those terms imply that |
like “give away” or “for free,” because those terms imply that |
351 |
“free software”</a> into various languages. |
“free software”</a> into various languages. |
352 |
</p> |
</p> |
353 |
|
|
354 |
|
<h4>How we interpret these criteria</h4> |
355 |
|
|
356 |
<p> |
<p> |
357 |
Finally, note that criteria such as those stated in this free software |
Finally, note that criteria such as those stated in this free software |
358 |
definition require careful thought for their interpretation. To decide |
definition require careful thought for their interpretation. To decide |
367 |
it easier to see why certain licenses do or don't qualify. |
it easier to see why certain licenses do or don't qualify. |
368 |
</p> |
</p> |
369 |
|
|
370 |
|
<h4>Get help with free licenses</h4> |
371 |
|
|
372 |
<p> |
<p> |
373 |
If you are interested in whether a specific license qualifies as a free |
If you are interested in whether a specific license qualifies as a free |
374 |
software license, see our <a href="/licenses/license-list.html">list |
software license, see our <a href="/licenses/license-list.html">list |
416 |
<h3 id="open-source">Open Source?</h3> |
<h3 id="open-source">Open Source?</h3> |
417 |
|
|
418 |
<p> |
<p> |
419 |
Another group has started using the term “open source” to mean |
Another group uses the term “open source” to mean |
420 |
something close (but not identical) to “free software”. We |
something close (but not identical) to “free software”. We |
421 |
prefer the term “free software” because, once you have heard that |
prefer the term “free software” because, once you have heard that |
422 |
it refers to freedom rather than price, it calls to mind freedom. The |
it refers to freedom rather than price, it calls to mind freedom. The |
432 |
|
|
433 |
<ul> |
<ul> |
434 |
|
|
435 |
|
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.152&r2=1.153">Version |
436 |
|
1.153</a>: Clarify that freedom to run the program means nothing stops |
437 |
|
you from making it run.</li> |
438 |
|
|
439 |
|
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.140&r2=1.141">Version |
440 |
|
1.141</a>: Clarify which code needs to be free.</li> |
441 |
|
|
442 |
|
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.134&r2=1.135">Version |
443 |
|
1.135</a>: Say each time that freedom 0 is the freedom to run the program |
444 |
|
as you wish.</li> |
445 |
|
|
446 |
|
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.133&r2=1.134">Version |
447 |
|
1.134</a>: Freedom 0 is not a matter of the program's functionality.</li> |
448 |
|
|
449 |
|
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.130&r2=1.131">Version |
450 |
|
1.131</a>: A free license may not require compliance with a nonfree license |
451 |
|
of another program.</li> |
452 |
|
|
453 |
|
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.128&r2=1.129">Version |
454 |
|
1.129</a>: State explicitly that choice of law and choice of forum |
455 |
|
specifications are allowed. (This was always our policy.)</li> |
456 |
|
|
457 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.121&r2=1.122">Version |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.121&r2=1.122">Version |
458 |
1.122</a>: An export control requirement is a real problem if the |
1.122</a>: An export control requirement is a real problem if the |
459 |
requirement is nontrivial; otherwise it is only a potential problem.</li> |
requirement is nontrivial; otherwise it is only a potential problem.</li> |
542 |
|
|
543 |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.10&r2=1.11">Version |
<li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&r1=1.10&r2=1.11">Version |
544 |
1.11</a>: Note that a free license may require you to send a copy of |
1.11</a>: Note that a free license may require you to send a copy of |
545 |
versions you distribute to the author.</li> |
versions you distribute to previous developers on request.</li> |
546 |
|
|
547 |
</ul> |
</ul> |
548 |
|
|
554 |
the <a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&view=log">cvsweb |
the <a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&view=log">cvsweb |
555 |
interface</a>.</p> |
interface</a>.</p> |
556 |
|
|
557 |
|
<h3 style="font-size:1em">Footnote</h3> |
558 |
|
<ol> |
559 |
|
<li id="f1">The reason they are numbered 0, 1, 2 and 3 is historical. Around |
560 |
|
1990 there were three freedoms, numbered 1, 2 and 3. Then we realized that |
561 |
|
the freedom to run the program needed to be mentioned explicitly. |
562 |
|
It was clearly more basic than the other three, so it properly should |
563 |
|
precede them. Rather than renumber the others, we made it freedom 0.</li> |
564 |
|
</ol> |
565 |
|
|
566 |
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --> |
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --> |
567 |
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> |
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> |
568 |
<div id="footer"> |
<div id="footer"> |
569 |
|
<div class="unprintable"> |
570 |
|
|
571 |
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to |
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to |
572 |
<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. |
<a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. |
591 |
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations |
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations |
592 |
README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations |
README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations |
593 |
of this article.</p> |
of this article.</p> |
594 |
|
</div> |
595 |
|
|
596 |
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to |
<!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to |
597 |
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should |
files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should |
598 |
be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US. Please do NOT change or remove this |
be under CC BY-ND 4.0. Please do NOT change or remove this |
599 |
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first. |
without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first. |
600 |
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the |
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the |
601 |
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the |
document. For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the |
610 |
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers |
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers |
611 |
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. --> |
Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. --> |
612 |
|
|
613 |
<p>Copyright © 1996-2002, 2004-2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013 |
<p>Copyright © 1996, 2002, 2004-2007, 2009-2018 |
614 |
Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p> |
Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p> |
615 |
|
|
616 |
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" |
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" |
617 |
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative |
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative |
618 |
Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p> |
Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License</a>.</p> |
619 |
|
|
620 |
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" --> |
<!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" --> |
621 |
|
|
622 |
<p>Updated: |
<p class="unprintable">Updated: |
623 |
<!-- timestamp start --> |
<!-- timestamp start --> |
624 |
$Date$ |
$Date$ |
625 |
<!-- timestamp end --> |
<!-- timestamp end --> |