/[www]/www/philosophy/free-sw.html
ViewVC logotype

Diff of /www/philosophy/free-sw.html

Parent Directory Parent Directory | Revision Log Revision Log | View Patch Patch

revision 1.110 by rms, Mon Feb 20 07:41:23 2012 UTC revision 1.138 by rms, Tue Aug 5 02:14:06 2014 UTC
# Line 1  Line 1 
1  <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->  <!--#include virtual="/server/header.html" -->
2    <!-- Parent-Version: 1.77 -->
3  <title>What is free software? - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation (FSF)</title>  <title>What is free software?
4    - GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title>
5    
6  <meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation, Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU HURD, Hurd" />  <meta http-equiv="Keywords" content="GNU, FSF, Free Software Foundation, Linux, Emacs, GCC, Unix, Free Software, Operating System, GNU Kernel, HURD, GNU HURD, Hurd" />
7  <meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to share and improve the software they use." />  <meta http-equiv="Description" content="Since 1983, developing the free Unix style operating system GNU, so that computer users can have the freedom to share and improve the software they use." />
 <link rel="alternate" title="What's New" href="http://www.gnu.org/rss/whatsnew.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />  
 <link rel="alternate" title="New Free Software" href="http://www.gnu.org/rss/quagga.rss" type="application/rss+xml" />  
8    
 <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->  
9  <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-sw.translist" -->  <!--#include virtual="/philosophy/po/free-sw.translist" -->
10    <!--#include virtual="/server/banner.html" -->
11    
12  <h2>What is free software?</h2>  <h2>What is free software?</h2>
13    <!--#include virtual="/licenses/fsf-licensing.html" -->
14    
15  <h3>The Free Software Definition</h3>  <h3>The Free Software Definition</h3>
16    
17  <blockquote>  <blockquote>
18    <p>
19  The free software definition presents the criteria for whether a  The free software definition presents the criteria for whether a
20  particular software program qualifies as free software.  From time to  particular software program qualifies as free software.  From time to
21  time we revise this definition, to clarify it or to resolve questions  time we revise this definition, to clarify it or to resolve questions
22  about subtle issues.  See the <a href="#History">History section</a>  about subtle issues.  See the <a href="#History">History section</a>
23  below for a list of changes that affect the definition of free  below for a list of changes that affect the definition of free
24  software.  software.
25    </p>
26  </blockquote>  </blockquote>
27    
28  <p>  <p>
29  &ldquo;Free software&rdquo; means software that respects users'  &ldquo;Free software&rdquo; means software that respects users'
30  freedom and community.  Roughly, the users have the freedom to run,  freedom and community.  Roughly, it means that <b>the users have the
31  copy, distribute, study, change and improve the software.  With these  freedom to run, copy, distribute, study, change and improve the
32  freedoms, the users (both individually and collectively) control the  software</b>.  Thus, &ldquo;free software&rdquo; is a matter of
33  program and what it does for them.  liberty, not price.  To understand the concept, you should think of
34  </p>  &ldquo;free&rdquo; as in &ldquo;free speech,&rdquo; not as in
35    &ldquo;free beer&rdquo;.
 <p>  
 When users don't control the program, the program controls the users.  
 The developer controls the program, and through it controls the users.  
 This nonfree or &ldquo;proprietary&rdquo; program is therefore an  
 instrument of unjust power.  
36  </p>  </p>
37    
38  <p>  <p>
39  Thus, &ldquo;free software&rdquo; is a matter of liberty, not price.  We campaign for these freedoms because everyone deserves them.  With
40  To understand the concept, you should think of &ldquo;free&rdquo; as  these freedoms, the users (both individually and collectively) control
41  in &ldquo;free speech,&rdquo; not as in &ldquo;free beer&rdquo;.  the program and what it does for them.  When users don't control the
42    program, we call it a &ldquo;nonfree&rdquo; or
43    &ldquo;proprietary&rdquo; program.  The nonfree program controls the
44    users, and the developer controls the program; this makes the
45    program <a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html">
46    an instrument of unjust power</a>.
47  </p>  </p>
48    
49  <p>  <p>
# Line 50  four essential freedoms: Line 52  four essential freedoms:
52  </p>  </p>
53    
54  <ul>  <ul>
55    <li>The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0).</li>    <li>The freedom to run the program as you wish,
56          for any purpose (freedom 0).</li>
57    <li>The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it    <li>The freedom to study how the program works, and change it so it
58        does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source        does your computing as you wish (freedom 1). Access to the source
59        code is a precondition for this.        code is a precondition for this.
# Line 66  four essential freedoms: Line 69  four essential freedoms:
69  </ul>  </ul>
70    
71  <p>  <p>
72  A program is free software if users have all of these freedoms.  Thus,  A program is free software if it gives users adequately all of these
73  you should be free to redistribute copies, either with or without  freedoms.  Otherwise, it is nonfree.  While we can distinguish various
74  modifications, either gratis or charging a fee for distribution, to  nonfree distribution schemes in terms of how far they fall short of
75    being free, we consider them all equally unethical.</p>
76    
77    <p>The rest of this page clarifies certain points about what makes
78    specific freedoms adequate or not.</p>
79    
80    <p>Freedom to distribute (freedoms 2 and 3) means you are free to
81    redistribute copies, either with or without modifications, either
82    gratis or charging a fee for distribution, to
83  <a href="#exportcontrol">anyone anywhere</a>.  Being free to do these  <a href="#exportcontrol">anyone anywhere</a>.  Being free to do these
84  things means (among other things) that you do not have to ask or pay  things means (among other things) that you do not have to ask or pay
85  for permission to do so.  for permission to do so.
# Line 93  for her purposes, but you are not entitl Line 104  for her purposes, but you are not entitl
104  </p>  </p>
105    
106  <p>  <p>
107    The freedom to run the program as you wish means that you are not
108    forbidden or stopped from doing so.  It has nothing to do with what
109    functionality the program has, or whether it is useful for what you
110    want to do.</p>
111    
112    <p>
113  The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable  The freedom to redistribute copies must include binary or executable
114  forms of the program, as well as source code, for both modified and  forms of the program, as well as source code, for both modified and
115  unmodified versions.  (Distributing programs in runnable form is necessary  unmodified versions.  (Distributing programs in runnable form is necessary
# Line 105  make them. Line 122  make them.
122    
123  <p>  <p>
124  In order for freedoms 1 and 3 (the freedom to make changes and the  In order for freedoms 1 and 3 (the freedom to make changes and the
125  freedom to publish improved versions) to be meaningful, you must have  freedom to publish the changed versions) to be meaningful, you must have
126  access to the source code of the program.  Therefore, accessibility of  access to the source code of the program.  Therefore, accessibility of
127  source code is a necessary condition for free software.  Obfuscated  source code is a necessary condition for free software.  Obfuscated
128  &ldquo;source code&rdquo; is not real source code and does not count  &ldquo;source code&rdquo; is not real source code and does not count
# Line 118  the original.  If the program is deliver Line 135  the original.  If the program is deliver
135  run someone else's modified versions but refuse to run yours &mdash; a  run someone else's modified versions but refuse to run yours &mdash; a
136  practice known as &ldquo;tivoization&rdquo; or &ldquo;lockdown&rdquo;,  practice known as &ldquo;tivoization&rdquo; or &ldquo;lockdown&rdquo;,
137  or (in its practitioners' perverse terminology) as &ldquo;secure  or (in its practitioners' perverse terminology) as &ldquo;secure
138  boot&rdquo; &mdash; freedom 1 becomes a theoretical fiction rather  boot&rdquo; &mdash; freedom 1 becomes an empty pretense rather than a
139  than a practical freedom.  This is not sufficient.  In other words,  practical reality.  These binaries are not free
140  these binaries are not free software even if the source code they are  software even if the source code they are compiled from is free.
 compiled from is free.  
141  </p>  </p>
142    
143  <p>  <p>
# Line 144  as a free license. Line 160  as a free license.
160  <p>  <p>
161  In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be permanent and  In order for these freedoms to be real, they must be permanent and
162  irrevocable as long as you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the  irrevocable as long as you do nothing wrong; if the developer of the
163  software has the power to revoke the license, or retroactively change  software has the power to revoke the license, or retroactively add
164  its terms, without your doing anything wrong to give cause, the  restrictions to its terms, without your doing anything wrong to give
165  software is not free.  cause, the software is not free.
166  </p>  </p>
167    
168  <p>  <p>
169  However, certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free  However, certain kinds of rules about the manner of distributing free
170  software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central  software are acceptable, when they don't conflict with the central
171  freedoms.  For example, copyleft (very simply stated) is the rule that  freedoms.  For example, <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a>
172  when redistributing the program, you cannot add restrictions to deny  (very simply stated) is the rule that when redistributing the program,
173  other people the central freedoms.  This rule does not conflict with  you cannot add restrictions to deny other people the central freedoms.
174  the central freedoms; rather it protects them.  This rule does not conflict with the central freedoms; rather it
175    protects them.
176    </p>
177    
178    <p>
179    In the GNU project, we use copyleft to protect the four freedoms
180    legally for everyone.  We believe there are important reasons why
181    <a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">it is better to use
182    copyleft</a>.  However,
183    <a href="/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware">
184    noncopylefted free software</a> is ethical
185    too.  See <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free
186    Software</a> for a description of how &ldquo;free software,&rdquo;
187    &ldquo;copylefted software&rdquo; and other categories of software
188    relate to each other.
189  </p>  </p>
190    
191  <p>  <p>
# Line 171  you always have the freedom to copy and Line 201  you always have the freedom to copy and
201    
202  <p>  <p>
203  Whether a change constitutes an improvement is a subjective matter.  Whether a change constitutes an improvement is a subjective matter.
204  If your modifications are limited, in substance, to changes that  If your right to modify a program is limited, in substance, to changes that
205  someone else considers an improvement, that is not freedom.  someone else considers an improvement, that program is not free.
206  </p>  </p>
207    
208  <p>  <p>
# Line 188  the program, so you won't have trouble m Line 218  the program, so you won't have trouble m
218  </p>  </p>
219    
220  <p>  <p>
 A special issue arises when a license requires changing the name by  
 which the program will be invoked from other programs.  That  
 effectively hampers you from releasing your changed version so that it  
 can replace the original when invoked by those other programs.  This  
 sort of requirement is acceptable only if there's an suitable aliasing  
 facility that allows you to specify the original program's name as an  
 alias for the modified version.</p>  
   
 <p>  
221  Rules that &ldquo;if you make your version available in this way, you  Rules that &ldquo;if you make your version available in this way, you
222  must make it available in that way also&rdquo; can be acceptable too,  must make it available in that way also&rdquo; can be acceptable too,
223  on the same condition.  An example of such an acceptable rule is one  on the same condition.  An example of such an acceptable rule is one
# Line 209  are also acceptable. Line 230  are also acceptable.
230  </p>  </p>
231    
232  <p>  <p>
233  In the GNU project, we use  A special issue arises when a license requires changing the name by
234  <a href="/copyleft/copyleft.html">copyleft</a>  which the program will be invoked from other programs.  That
235  to protect these freedoms legally for everyone.  But  effectively hampers you from releasing your changed version so that it
236  <a href="/philosophy/categories.html#Non-CopyleftedFreeSoftware">noncopylefted  can replace the original when invoked by those other programs.  This
237  free software</a> also exists.  We believe there are important reasons why  sort of requirement is acceptable only if there's a suitable aliasing
238  <a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html">it is better to use copyleft</a>,  facility that allows you to specify the original program's name as an
239  but if your program is noncopylefted free software, it is still basically  alias for the modified version.</p>
 ethical. (See <a href="/philosophy/categories.html">Categories of Free Software</a> for a description of how &ldquo;free software,&rdquo; &ldquo;copylefted software&rdquo; and other categories of software relate to each other.)  
 </p>  
240    
241  <p>  <p>
242  Sometimes government <a id="exportcontrol">export control regulations</a>  Sometimes government <a id="exportcontrol">export control regulations</a>
# Line 227  eliminate or override these restrictions Line 246  eliminate or override these restrictions
246  is refuse to impose them as conditions of use of the program.  In this  is refuse to impose them as conditions of use of the program.  In this
247  way, the restrictions will not affect activities and people outside the  way, the restrictions will not affect activities and people outside the
248  jurisdictions of these governments.  Thus, free software licenses  jurisdictions of these governments.  Thus, free software licenses
249  must not require obedience to any export regulations as a condition of  must not require obedience to any nontrivial export regulations as a
250  any of the essential freedoms.  condition of exercising any of the essential freedoms.
251    </p>
252    
253    <p>
254    Merely mentioning the existence of export regulations, without making
255    them a condition of the license itself, is acceptable since it does
256    not restrict users.  If an export regulation is actually trivial for
257    free software, then requiring it as a condition is not an actual
258    problem; however, it is a potential problem, since a later change in
259    export law could make the requirement nontrivial and thus render the
260    software nonfree.
261    </p>
262    
263    <p>
264    A free license may not require compliance with the license of a
265    nonfree program.  Thus, for instance, if a license requires you to
266    comply with the licenses of &ldquo;all the programs you use&rdquo;, in
267    the case of a user that runs nonfree programs this would require
268    compliance with the licenses of those nonfree programs; that makes the
269    license nonfree.
270    </p>
271    
272    <p>
273    It is acceptable for a free license to specify which jurisdiction's
274    law applies, or where litigation must be done, or both.
275  </p>  </p>
276    
277  <p>  <p>
# Line 297  help you can ensure that the license rea Line 340  help you can ensure that the license rea
340  and avoid various practical problems.  and avoid various practical problems.
341  </p>  </p>
342    
343  <h2 id="beyond-software">Beyond Software</h2>  <h3 id="beyond-software">Beyond Software</h3>
344    
345  <p>  <p>
346  <a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Software manuals must be free</a>,  <a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html">Software manuals must be free</a>,
# Line 319  has been extended to a definition of <a Line 362  has been extended to a definition of <a
362  free cultural works</a> applicable to any kind of works.  free cultural works</a> applicable to any kind of works.
363  </p>  </p>
364    
365  <h2 id="open-source">Open Source?</h2>  <h3 id="open-source">Open Source?</h3>
366    
367  <p>  <p>
368  Another group has started using the term &ldquo;open source&rdquo; to mean  Another group has started using the term &ldquo;open source&rdquo; to mean
# Line 330  word &ldquo;open&rdquo; <a href="/philos Line 373  word &ldquo;open&rdquo; <a href="/philos
373  never refers to freedom</a>.  never refers to freedom</a>.
374  </p>  </p>
375    
376  <h2 id="History">History</h2>  <h3 id="History">History</h3>
377    
378  <p>From time to time we revise this Free Software Definition.  Here is  <p>From time to time we revise this Free Software Definition.  Here is
379  the list of changes, along with links to show exactly what was  the list of substantive changes, along with links to show exactly what
380  changed.</p>  was changed.</p>
381    
382  <ul>  <ul>
383    
384    <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.134&amp;r2=1.135">Version
385    1.135</a>: Say each time that freedom 0 is the freedom to run the program
386    as you wish.</li>
387    
388    <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.133&amp;r2=1.134">Version
389    1.134</a>: Freedom 0 is not a matter of the program's functionality.</li>
390    
391    <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.130&amp;r2=1.131">Version
392    1.131</a>: A free license may not require compliance with a nonfree license
393    of another program.</li>
394    
395    <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.128&amp;r2=1.129">Version
396    1.129</a>: State explicitly that choice of law and choice of forum
397    specifications are allowed.  (This was always our policy.)</li>
398    
399    <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.121&amp;r2=1.122">Version
400    1.122</a>: An export control requirement is a real problem if the
401    requirement is nontrivial; otherwise it is only a potential problem.</li>
402    
403    <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.117&amp;r2=1.118">Version
404    1.118</a>: Clarification: the issue is limits on your right to modify,
405    not on what modifications you have made.  And modifications are not limited
406    to &ldquo;improvements&rdquo;</li>
407    
408    <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.110&amp;r2=1.111">Version
409    1.111</a>: Clarify 1.77 by saying that only
410    retroactive <em>restrictions</em> are unacceptable.  The copyright
411    holders can always grant additional <em>permission</em> for use of the
412    work by releasing the work in another way in parallel.</li>
413    
414  <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.104&amp;r2=1.105">Version  <li><a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;r1=1.104&amp;r2=1.105">Version
415  1.105</a>: Reflect, in the brief statement of freedom 1, the point  1.105</a>: Reflect, in the brief statement of freedom 1, the point
416  (already stated in version 1.80) that it includes really using your modified  (already stated in version 1.80) that it includes really using your modified
# Line 416  versions you distribute to the author.</ Line 489  versions you distribute to the author.</
489  </ul>  </ul>
490    
491  <p>There are gaps in the version numbers shown above because there are  <p>There are gaps in the version numbers shown above because there are
492  other changes in this page that do not affect the definition as such.  other changes in this page that do not affect the definition or its
493  These changes are in other parts of the page.  You can review the  interpretations.  For instance, the list does not include changes in
494  complete list of changes to the page through  asides, formatting, spelling, punctuation, or other parts of the page.
495    You can review the complete list of changes to the page through
496  the <a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;view=log">cvsweb  the <a href="http://web.cvs.savannah.gnu.org/viewvc/www/philosophy/free-sw.html?root=www&amp;view=log">cvsweb
497  interface</a>.</p>  interface</a>.</p>
498    
 </div>  
499    
500    </div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above -->
501  <!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->  <!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" -->
   
502  <div id="footer">  <div id="footer">
503    <div class="unprintable">
504    
505  <p>  <p>Please send general FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to
 Please send FSF &amp; GNU inquiries to  
506  <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.  <a href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org">&lt;gnu@gnu.org&gt;</a>.
507  There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>  There are also <a href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a>
508  the FSF.  the FSF.  Broken links and other corrections or suggestions can be sent
509  <br />  to <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>.</p>
510  Please send broken links and other corrections or suggestions to  
511  <a href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org">&lt;webmasters@gnu.org&gt;</a>.  <p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph,
512  </p>          replace it with the translation of these two:
513    
514            We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality
515            translations.  However, we are not exempt from imperfection.
516            Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard
517            to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org">
518            &lt;web-translators@gnu.org&gt;</a>.</p>
519    
520            <p>For information on coordinating and submitting translations of
521            our web pages, see <a
522            href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
523            README</a>. -->
524    Please see the <a
525    href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations
526    README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting translations
527    of this article.</p>
528    </div>
529    
530  <p>  <!-- Regarding copyright, in general, standalone pages (as opposed to
531  Please see the       files generated as part of manuals) on the GNU web server should
532  <a href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations       be under CC BY-ND 3.0 US.  Please do NOT change or remove this
533  README</a> for information on coordinating and submitting       without talking with the webmasters or licensing team first.
534  translations of this article.       Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the
535  </p>       document.  For web pages, it is ok to list just the latest year the
536         document was modified, or published.
537        
538         If you wish to list earlier years, that is ok too.
539         Either "2001, 2002, 2003" or "2001-2003" are ok for specifying
540         years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable
541         year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including
542         being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system).
543        
544         There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers
545         Information document, www.gnu.org/prep/maintain. -->
546    
547    <p>Copyright &copy; 1996-2002, 2004-2007, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2013
548    Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p>
549    
 <p>  
 Copyright &copy; 1996, 1997, 1998, 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2004,  
 2005, 2006, 2007, 2009, 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc.  
 </p>  
550  <p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"  <p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license"
551  href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative  href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/3.0/us/">Creative
552  Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.  Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 3.0 United States License</a>.</p>
 </p>  
553    
554  <p>  <!--#include virtual="/server/bottom-notes.html" -->
555  Updated:  
556    <p class="unprintable">Updated:
557  <!-- timestamp start -->  <!-- timestamp start -->
558  $Date$  $Date$
559  <!-- timestamp end -->  <!-- timestamp end -->
560  </p>  </p>
561  </div>  </div>
   
 <!-- <div id="translations"> -->  
 <!-- <h4>Translations of this page</h4> -->  
 <!--  -->  
 <!-- Please keep this list alphabetical by language code. -->  
 <!--      Comment what the language is for each type, i.e. de is German. -->  
 <!--      Write the language name in its own language (Deutsch) in the text. -->  
 <!--      If you add a new language here, please -->  
 <!--      advise web-translators@gnu.org and add it to -->  
 <!--       - /home/www/html/server/standards/README.translations.html -->  
 <!--       - one of the lists under the section "Translations Underway" -->  
 <!--       - if there is a translation team, you also have to add an alias -->  
 <!--       to mail.gnu.org:/com/mailer/aliases -->  
 <!--      Please also check you have the language code right; see: -->  
 <!--      http://www.loc.gov/standards/iso639-2/php/code_list.php -->  
 <!--      If the 2-letter ISO 639-1 code is not available, -->  
 <!--      use the 3-letter ISO 639-2. -->  
 <!--      Please use W3C normative character entities. -->  
 <!--  -->  
 <!-- <ul class="translations-list"> -->  
 <!-- Afrikaans -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.af.html">Afrikaans</a>&nbsp;[af]</li> -->  
 <!-- Arabic -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ar.html">&#1575;&#1604;&#1593;&#1585;&#1576;&#1610;&#1577;</a>&nbsp;[ar]</li> -->  
 <!-- Azerbaijani -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.az.html">Az&#x0259;rbaycanca</a>&nbsp;[az]</li> -->  
 <!-- Bulgarian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.bg.html">&#x431;&#x44A;&#x43B;&#x433;&#x430;&#x440;&#x441;&#x43A;&#x438;</a>&nbsp;[bg]</li> -->  
 <!-- Bengali -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.bn.html">&#2476;&#2494;&#2434;&#2482;&#2494;</a>&nbsp;[bn]</li> -->  
 <!-- Bosnian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.bs.html">bosanski</a>&nbsp;[bs]</li> -->  
 <!-- Catalan -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ca.html">catal&#x00e0;</a>&nbsp;[ca]</li> -->  
 <!-- Czech -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.cs.html">&#x010c;esky</a>&nbsp;[cs]</li> -->  
 <!-- Danish -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.da.html">dansk</a>&nbsp;[da]</li> -->  
 <!-- German -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.de.html">Deutsch</a>&nbsp;[de]</li> -->  
 <!-- Greek -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.el.html">&#x03b5;&#x03bb;&#x03bb;&#x03b7;&#x03bd;&#x03b9;&#x03ba;&#x03ac;</a>&nbsp;[el]</li> -->  
 <!-- English -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html">English</a>&nbsp;[en]</li> -->  
 <!-- Esperanto -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.eo.html">Esperanto</a>&nbsp;[eo]</li> -->  
 <!-- Spanish -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.es.html">espa&#x00f1;ol</a>&nbsp;[es]</li> -->  
 <!-- Farsi (Persian) -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.fa.html">&#x0641;&#x0627;&#x0631;&#x0633;&#x06cc;</a>&nbsp;[fa]</li> -->  
 <!-- French -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.fr.html">fran&#x00e7;ais</a>&nbsp;[fr]</li> -->  
 <!-- Galician -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.gl.html">galego</a>&nbsp;[gl]</li> -->  
 <!-- Hebrew -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.he.html">&#x05e2;&#x05d1;&#x05e8;&#x05d9;&#x05ea;</a>&nbsp;[he]</li> -->  
 <!-- Croatian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.hr.html">hrvatski</a>&nbsp;[hr]</li> -->  
 <!-- Hungarian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.hu.html">magyar</a>&nbsp;[hu]</li> -->  
 <!-- Indonesian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.id.html">Bahasa Indonesia</a>&nbsp;[id]</li> -->  
 <!-- Italian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.it.html">italiano</a>&nbsp;[it]</li> -->  
 <!-- Japanese -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ja.html">&#x65e5;&#x672c;&#x8a9e;</a>&nbsp;[ja]</li> -->  
 <!-- Korean -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ko.html">&#xd55c;&#xad6d;&#xc5b4;</a>&nbsp;[ko]</li> -->  
 <!-- Norwegian BokmÃ¥l -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.nb.html">norsk (bokm&aring;l)</a>&nbsp;[nb]</li> -->  
 <!-- Dutch -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.nl.html">Nederlands</a>&nbsp;[nl]</li> -->  
 <!-- Polish -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.pl.html">polski</a>&nbsp;[pl]</li> -->  
 <!-- Brazilian Portuguese -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.pt-br.html">portugu&#x0ea;s do Brasil</a>&nbsp;[pt-br]</li> -->  
 <!-- Romanian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ro.html">rom&#x00e2;n&#x0103;</a>&nbsp;[ro]</li> -->  
 <!-- Russian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ru.html">&#x0440;&#x0443;&#x0441;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;&#x0439;</a>&nbsp;[ru]</li> -->  
 <!-- Slovak -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sk.html">sloven&#269;ina</a>&nbsp;[sk]</li> -->  
 <!-- - Slovenian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sl.html">sloven&scaron;&#269;ina</a>&nbsp;[sl]</li> -->  
 <!-- Serbian -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sr.html">&#x0441;&#x0440;&#x043f;&#x0441;&#x043a;&#x0438;</a>&nbsp;[sr]</li> -->  
 <!-- Swedish -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.sv.html">svenska</a>&nbsp;[sv]</li> -->  
 <!-- Tamil -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.ta.html">&#2980;&#2990;&#3007;&#2996;&#3021;</a>&nbsp;[ta]</li> -->  
 <!-- Tagalog -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.tl.html">Tagalog</a>&nbsp;[tl]</li> -->  
 <!-- Turkish -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.tr.html">T&#x00fc;rk&#x00e7;e</a>&nbsp;[tr]</li> -->  
 <!-- Chinese (Simplified) -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.zh-cn.html">&#x7b80;&#x4f53;&#x4e2d;&#x6587;</a>&nbsp;[zh-cn]</li> -->  
 <!-- Chinese (Traditional) -->  
 <!-- <li><a href="/philosophy/free-sw.zh-tw.html">&#x7e41;&#x9ad4;&#x4e2d;&#x6587;</a>&nbsp;[zh-tw]</li> -->  
 <!-- </ul> -->  
 <!-- </div> -->  
   
562  </div>  </div>
   
563  </body>  </body>
564  </html>  </html>

Legend:
Removed from v.1.110  
changed lines
  Added in v.1.138

savannah-hackers-public@gnu.org
ViewVC Help
Powered by ViewVC 1.1.26