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<title>Essays and Articles |
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- GNU Project - Free Software Foundation</title> |
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<h2>Essays and Articles</h2> |
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<div class="thin"></div> |
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|
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<div class="comment"> |
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<p>This page lists a series of articles describing the philosophy of the |
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free software movement, which is the motivation for our development of |
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the free software operating system GNU.</p> |
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|
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<p>The most important articles are marked with asterisks, and listed first |
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in each category. The other ones are in reverse chronological order.</p> |
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</div> |
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|
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<div class="toc"> |
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<h3 class="no-display">Table of Contents</h3> |
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<ul class="columns"> |
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<li><a href="#aboutfs">About Free Software</a> |
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<ul> |
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<li><a href="#principles">Principles</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#practice">Practice</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#extension">Extension to other areas</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#mix">Mixing free and nonfree</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#free-open">Free software and open source</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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</li> |
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<li><a href="#upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</a> |
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<ul> |
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<li><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">The GNU Project</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#fsmovement">The free software movement</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#need">The need for free software</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#action">Guide for action</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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</li> |
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<li><a href="#LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</a> |
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<ul> |
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<li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html">General information</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#copyleft">Copyleft</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#non-copyleft">Non-copyleft</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#traps">Licensing traps</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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</li> |
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<li><a href="#Laws">Legal Issues</a> |
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<ul> |
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<li><a href="#patents">Patents</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#copyright">Copyright</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#noip">The propaganda term “Intellectual |
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Property”</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#sco">Response to SCO's attacks</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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</li> |
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<li><a href="#cultural">Cultural and Social Issues</a> |
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<ul> |
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<li><a href="#society">Digital society</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#drm">Digital restrictions management and treacherous computing</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#ns">Network services</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#access">Accessing culture</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#funding">Funding cultural works</a></li> |
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<li><a href="#evils">Surveillance, censorship, lock-in, etc.</a></li> |
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<li><a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html">Proprietary malware</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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</li> |
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<li><a href="#terminology">Terminology and Definitions</a></li> |
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<li><a href="/philosophy/third-party-ideas.html#humor">Philosophical Humor</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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<hr class="no-display" /> |
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</div> |
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|
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<h3 id="aboutfs">About Free Software</h3> |
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<p> |
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Free software is a matter of freedom: people should be free to use |
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software in all the ways that are socially useful. Software differs |
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from material objects—such as chairs, sandwiches, and |
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gasoline—in that it can be copied and changed much more easily. |
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These possibilities make software as useful as it is; we believe |
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software users should be able to make use of them.</p> |
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|
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<h4 id="principles">Principles</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996… ]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/free-sw.html"> |
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What is Free Software?</a></li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2015]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/free-software-even-more-important.html"> |
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Free Software Is Even More Important Now</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/selling.html"> |
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Selling Free Software</a> |
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— This is OK!</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/programs-must-not-limit-freedom-to-run.html"> |
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Why programs must not limit the freedom to run them</a> |
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(by RMS) |
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— Freedom 0 must not be limited.</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2007]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/your-freedom-needs-free-software.html"> |
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Your Freedom Needs Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1994]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/why-free.html"> |
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Why Software Should Not Have Owners</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1991]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/shouldbefree.html"> |
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Why Software Should Be Free</a> |
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(by RMS) |
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— An older and longer essay about the same topic as the |
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previous one.</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<h4 id="practice">Practice</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2023]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/tivoization.html"> |
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Tivoization</a> |
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— When free software isn't free in practice</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1999-2011]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/when-free-software-isnt-practically-superior.html"> |
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When Free Software Isn't (Practically) Superior</a> |
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(by Benjamin Mako Hill)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/applying-free-sw-criteria.html"> |
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Applying the Free Software Criteria</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/imperfection-isnt-oppression.html"> |
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Imperfection is not the same as oppression</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/android-and-users-freedom.html"> |
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Android and Users' Freedom</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1997-2011]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/software/reliability.html"> |
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Free Software is More Reliable!</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<h4 id="extension">Extension to other areas</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/free-doc.html"> |
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Why Free Software Needs Free Documentation</a></li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2020]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/free-software-rocket.html"> |
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Should Rockets Have Only Free Software? Free Software and Appliances</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/free-hardware-designs.html"> |
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Free Hardware and Free Hardware Designs</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/loyal-computers.html"> |
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What Does It Mean for Your Computer to Be Loyal?</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/network-services-arent-free-or-nonfree.html"> |
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Network Services Aren't Free or Nonfree; They Raise Other Issues</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/gnutella.html" id="Gnutella"> |
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Regarding Gnutella</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<h4 id="mix">Mixing free and nonfree</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2016]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/when-free-depends-on-nonfree.html"> |
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When Free Software Depends on Nonfree</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/is-ever-good-use-nonfree-program.html"> |
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Is It Ever a Good Thing to Use a Nonfree Program?</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/mcvoy.html"> |
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Thank You, Larry McVoy</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/udi.html"> |
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The Free Software Movement and UDI</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<h4 id="free-open">Free software and open source</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2007-2021]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"> |
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Why “Open Source” Misses the Point of Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/free-open-overlap.html"> |
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How Free Software and Open Source Relate as Categories of Programs</a></li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/floss-and-foss.html"> |
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FLOSS and FOSS</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/linux-gnu-freedom.html"> |
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Linux, GNU, and Freedom</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/drdobbs-letter.html"> |
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Letter from RMS to the Editor of Dr. Dobb's Journal</a> |
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on the distinction between open source and the free software movement.</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/free-software-for-freedom.html"> |
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“Open Source Software” or “Free Software”?</a> |
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(replaced by <a href="/philosophy/open-source-misses-the-point.html"> |
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Why “Open Source” Misses the Point of Free Software</a>)</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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|
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<h3 id="upholding">Upholding Software Freedom</h3> |
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|
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<h4>The GNU Project</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
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<li><a href="/gnu/gnu.html">The GNU Operating System</a> |
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— History, relationship with Linux, etc.</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<h4 id="fsmovement">The free software movement</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
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<li><a href="https://www.fsf.org/"> |
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The official website of the Free Software Foundation</a></li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/use-free-software.html"> |
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The Free Software Community After 20 Years</a> |
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(by RMS) |
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— With great but incomplete success, what now?</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/15-years-of-free-software.html"> |
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15 Years of Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/free-software-intro.html"> |
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Free Software Movement</a></li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<h4 id="need">The need for free software</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2011-2017]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/government-free-software.html"> |
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Measures Governments Can Use to Promote Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009-2014]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/education/edu-schools.html"> |
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Why Schools Should Use Exclusively Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/technological-neutrality.html"> |
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Technological Neutrality and Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/uruguay.html"> |
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Lesson from Uruguay</a> |
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— The FSF learned something from a bill presented in Uruguay.</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/second-sight.html"> |
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Free Software and (e-)Government</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/fs-and-sustainable-development.html"> |
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Free Software and Sustainable Development</a> |
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(by RMS) |
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— A short article regarding the use of proprietary software in |
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cultural development.</li> |
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</ul> |
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|
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<h4 id="action">Guide for action</h4> |
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<ul class="no-bullet"> |
329 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2024]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/the-moral-and-the-legal.html"> |
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The Moral and the Legal</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2020]</span>' |
335 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/saying-no-even-once.html"> |
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Saying No to unjust computing even once is help</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/fs-motives.html"> |
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Motives For Writing Free Software</a></li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002-2020]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/no-word-attachments.html" id="NoWordAttachments"> |
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We Can Put an End to Word Attachments</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2019]</span>' |
349 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/install-fest-devil.html"> |
351 |
Install Fests: What to Do about the Deal with the Devil</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2019]</span>' |
354 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
355 |
<a href="/philosophy/upgrade-windows.html"> |
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What Is the Right Way to Upgrade an Installation of Windows?</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2018]</span>' |
359 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/kind-communication.html"> |
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GNU Kind Communications Guidelines</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2017]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/hackathons.html"> |
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Why Hackathons Should Insist on Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/contradictory-support.html"> |
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Beware of Contradictory “Support”</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/devils-advocate.html"> |
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Why the Devil's Advocate Doesn't Help Reach the Truth</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2010]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/practical.html"> |
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The Advantages of Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2009]</span>' |
384 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/pirate-party.html"> |
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How the Swedish Pirate Party Platform Backfires on Free Software</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2009]</span>' |
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--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
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<a href="/philosophy/lest-codeplex-perplex.html"> |
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Lest CodePlex perplex</a> |
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(by RMS)</li> |
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<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>' |
394 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
395 |
<a href="/philosophy/ucita.html"> |
396 |
Why We Must Fight UCITA</a></li> |
397 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>' |
398 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
399 |
<a href="/philosophy/compromise.html"> |
400 |
Avoiding Ruinous Compromises</a> |
401 |
(by RMS)</li> |
402 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2007]</span>' |
403 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
404 |
<a href="/philosophy/social-inertia.html"> |
405 |
Overcoming Social Inertia</a> |
406 |
(by RMS)</li> |
407 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>' |
408 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
409 |
<a href="/philosophy/my_doom.html"> |
410 |
MyDoom and You</a> |
411 |
(by RMS)</li> |
412 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
413 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
414 |
<a href="/philosophy/kevin-cole-response.html"> |
415 |
A Response Letter to the Word Attachments</a> |
416 |
(by Kevin Cole)</li> |
417 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
418 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
419 |
<a href="/philosophy/anonymous-response.html"> |
420 |
A Response to Word Attachments</a></li> |
421 |
</ul> |
422 |
|
423 |
|
424 |
<h3 id="LicensingFreeSoftware">Licensing Free Software</h3> |
425 |
|
426 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
427 |
<li><a href="/licenses/licenses.html"> |
428 |
Licenses</a> |
429 |
— General information on licensing and copyleft</li> |
430 |
</ul> |
431 |
|
432 |
<h4 id="copyleft">Copyleft</h4> |
433 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
434 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2003]</span>' |
435 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
436 |
<a href="/philosophy/why-copyleft.html"> |
437 |
Why Copyleft?</a></li> |
438 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1998]</span>' |
439 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
440 |
<a href="/philosophy/pragmatic.html"> |
441 |
Copyleft: Pragmatic Idealism</a> |
442 |
(by RMS)</li> |
443 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2009-2017]</span>' |
444 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
445 |
<a href="/philosophy/selling-exceptions.html"> |
446 |
On Selling Exceptions to the GNU GPL</a> |
447 |
(by RMS)</li> |
448 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>' |
449 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
450 |
<a href="/philosophy/assigning-copyright.html"> |
451 |
When a Company Asks For Your Copyright</a></li> |
452 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
453 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
454 |
<a href="https://www.fsf.org/blogs/licensing/20050211.html"> |
455 |
Censorship envy and licensing</a> |
456 |
(by David “Novalis” Turner, on <i>fsf.org</i>)</li> |
457 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>' |
458 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
459 |
<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210228133128/https://www.oii.ox.ac.uk/archive/downloads/research/gpl/OIIFB_GPL2_20040903.pdf"> |
460 |
English translation of the famous decision of the District Court of |
461 |
Munich</a> regarding the enforceability and validity of the GPL (by |
462 |
the translators of the Oxford Internet Institute, on |
463 |
<i>oii.ox.ac.uk</i>)</li> |
464 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>' |
465 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
466 |
<a href="/philosophy/university.html"> |
467 |
Releasing Free Software if You Work at a University</a> |
468 |
(by RMS)</li> |
469 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
470 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
471 |
<a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-way.html" id="GPLAmericanWay"> |
472 |
The GNU GPL and the American Way</a> |
473 |
(by RMS)</li> |
474 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
475 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
476 |
<a href="/philosophy/gpl-american-dream.html" id="GPLAmericanDream"> |
477 |
The GNU GPL and the American Dream</a> |
478 |
(by Bradley M. Kuhn)</li> |
479 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
480 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
481 |
<a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-power.html" id="FreedomOrPower"> |
482 |
Freedom or Power?</a> |
483 |
(by Bradley M. Kuhn and RMS)</li> |
484 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
485 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
486 |
<a href="/philosophy/rtlinux-patent.html"> |
487 |
GPL-compliant version of RTLinux Open Patent License in Works</a></li> |
488 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
489 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
490 |
<a href="/philosophy/enforcing-gpl.html" id="EnforcingGPL"> |
491 |
Enforcing the GNU GPL</a> |
492 |
(by Eben Moglen)</li> |
493 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
494 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
495 |
<a href="/philosophy/using-gfdl.html" id="UsingGFDL"> |
496 |
Using the GNU FDL</a> |
497 |
(by RMS)</li> |
498 |
</ul> |
499 |
|
500 |
<h4 id="non-copyleft">Non-copyleft</h4> |
501 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
502 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
503 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
504 |
<a href="/philosophy/apsl.html"> |
505 |
FSF's Opinion of the Apple Public Source License (APSL) 2.0</a></li> |
506 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>' |
507 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
508 |
<a href="/philosophy/plan-nine.html" id="PlanNineLicense"> |
509 |
The Problems of the (Earlier) Plan 9 License</a> |
510 |
(by RMS)</li> |
511 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998]</span>' |
512 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
513 |
<a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl.html"> |
514 |
On the Netscape Public License</a> |
515 |
(by RMS) |
516 |
[<a href="/philosophy/netscape-npl-old.html">older version</a>]</li> |
517 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998]</span>' |
518 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
519 |
<a href="/philosophy/netscape.html"> |
520 |
Netscape and Free Software</a> |
521 |
— An old article that clarifies some misunderstandings about an |
522 |
announcement by Netscape.</li> |
523 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1997]</span>' |
524 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
525 |
<a href="/philosophy/motif.html" id="MotifLicense"> |
526 |
The Motif License</a> |
527 |
(by RMS)</li> |
528 |
</ul> |
529 |
|
530 |
<h4 id="traps">Licensing traps</h4> |
531 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
532 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009-2019]</span>' |
533 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
534 |
<a href="/philosophy/javascript-trap.html"> |
535 |
JavaScript Trap</a> |
536 |
(by RMS) |
537 |
— You may be running nonfree programs on your computer every day |
538 |
without realizing it—through your web browser.</li> |
539 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004-2015]</span>' |
540 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
541 |
<a href="/philosophy/java-trap.html" id="JavaTrap"> |
542 |
Free But Shackled - The Java Trap</a> |
543 |
(by RMS) |
544 |
— Although Sun has |
545 |
<a href="https://www.fsf.org/news/fsf-welcomes-gpl-java.html"> |
546 |
relicensed</a> most of its Java platform reference implementation under |
547 |
the GNU General Public License, the issue described in this article |
548 |
still remains important.</li> |
549 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1998-2009]</span>' |
550 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
551 |
<a href="/philosophy/x.html"> |
552 |
The X Window System Trap</a> |
553 |
(by RMS)</li> |
554 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2006]</span>' |
555 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
556 |
<a href="/philosophy/sun-in-night-time.html"> |
557 |
The Curious Incident of Sun in the Night-Time</a> |
558 |
(by RMS)</li> |
559 |
</ul> |
560 |
|
561 |
|
562 |
<h3 id="Laws">Legal Issues</h3> |
563 |
|
564 |
<h4 id="patents">Patents</h4> |
565 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
566 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2012]</span>' |
567 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
568 |
<a href="/philosophy/limit-patent-effect.html"> |
569 |
Giving the Software Field Protection from Patents</a> |
570 |
(by RMS)</li> |
571 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>' |
572 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
573 |
<a href="/philosophy/europes-unitary-patent.html"> |
574 |
Europe's “unitary patent” could mean unlimited software |
575 |
patents</a> |
576 |
(by RMS)</li> |
577 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000-2007]</span>' |
578 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
579 |
<a href="https://www.eff.org/search/site/dvd%20cases/"> |
580 |
EFF “Intellectual Property”: MPAA (Motion Picture |
581 |
Association of America) DVD Cases Archive</a></li> |
582 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2006]</span>' |
583 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
584 |
<a href="/philosophy/trivial-patent.html"> |
585 |
The Anatomy of a Trivial Patent</a> |
586 |
(by RMS)</li> |
587 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
588 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
589 |
<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-new-monopoly.html"> |
590 |
Microsoft's New Monopoly</a> |
591 |
(by RMS)</li> |
592 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
593 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
594 |
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/aug/02/comment.business"> |
595 |
Soft sell</a> |
596 |
(by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>) |
597 |
— Comments on the defeat of the EU software patenting directive.</li> |
598 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
599 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
600 |
<a href="/philosophy/bill-gates-and-other-communists.html"> |
601 |
Bill Gates and Other Communists</a> |
602 |
(by RMS)</li> |
603 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
604 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
605 |
<a href="/philosophy/software-literary-patents.html" id="SoftwareLiteraryPatents"> |
606 |
Software Patents and Literary Patents</a> |
607 |
(by RMS) |
608 |
— Speaking of patenting artistic techniques, US patent (6,935,954) |
609 |
covers making game characters start to hallucinate when (according to the |
610 |
game) they are being driven insane. That is getting pretty close to the |
611 |
hypothetical examples cited in this article.</li> |
612 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2004]</span>' |
613 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
614 |
<a href="/philosophy/fighting-software-patents.html" id="FightingSoftwarePatents"> |
615 |
Fighting Software Patents—Singly and Together</a> |
616 |
(by RMS)</li> |
617 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2005]</span>' |
618 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
619 |
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2005/jun/23/onlinesupplement.insideit"> |
620 |
Patent absurdity</a> |
621 |
(by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)</li> |
622 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
623 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
624 |
<a href="/philosophy/w3c-patent.html"> |
625 |
FSF's Position on W3 Consortium “Royalty-Free” Patent Policy</a> |
626 |
(rewritten)</li> |
627 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
628 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
629 |
<a href="/philosophy/guardian-article.html"> |
630 |
Opposing The European Software Patent Directive</a> |
631 |
(by RMS and Nick Hill)</li> |
632 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
633 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
634 |
<a href="https://www.eff.org/press/releases/princeton-scientists-sue-over-squelched-research"> |
635 |
Princeton Scientists Sue Over Squelched Research</a> |
636 |
(press release on <i>eff.org</i>) |
637 |
— In <cite>Felten v. RIAA</cite>, scientists ask a court to rule that the |
638 |
Digital Millennium Copyright Act (DMCA) does not prohibit them from |
639 |
publishing their research.</li> |
640 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
641 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
642 |
<a href="/philosophy/hague.html"> |
643 |
Harm from the Hague</a> |
644 |
(by RMS)</li> |
645 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>' |
646 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
647 |
<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20000815064858/http://www.researchoninnovation.org/patent.pdf" |
648 |
id="SequentialIPandI"> |
649 |
Sequential Innovation, Patents, and Imitation</a> |
650 |
(by James Bessen and Eric Maskin, on <i>researchoninnovation.org</i>, archived) |
651 |
— This paper presents a mathematical model showing how patents can |
652 |
impede progress in fields like software.</li> |
653 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
654 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
655 |
<a href="/philosophy/amazon-rms-tim.html"> |
656 |
Letter from RMS to Tim O'Reilly</a> |
657 |
in regard to a statement by Jeff Bezos, CEO of Amazon, on the duration of |
658 |
software patents.</li> |
659 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
660 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
661 |
<a href="/philosophy/amazon-nat.html"> |
662 |
Amazon Boycott Success!</a> |
663 |
(a letter from Nat Friedman to RMS)</li> |
664 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
665 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
666 |
<a href="/philosophy/amazon.html"> |
667 |
(Formerly) Boycott Amazon!</a></li> |
668 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
669 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
670 |
<a href="/philosophy/amazonpatent.html"> |
671 |
Method and system for placing a purchase order via a communications |
672 |
network</a> |
673 |
— Amazon patent with notes by RMS</li> |
674 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1997]</span>' |
675 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
676 |
<a href="/philosophy/gif.html"> |
677 |
Why There Are No GIF Files on GNU Web Pages</a> |
678 |
— While this story is a historical illustration of the danger of |
679 |
software patents, these particular patents are now no longer a concern. |
680 |
For details of our website policies regarding GIFs, see our <a |
681 |
href="/server/standards/gnu-website-guidelines.html#UseofGraphics">web |
682 |
guidelines</a>.</li> |
683 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>' |
684 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
685 |
<a href="/philosophy/savingeurope.html"> |
686 |
Saving Europe from Software Patents</a></li> |
687 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>' |
688 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
689 |
<a href="/philosophy/protecting.html"> |
690 |
Help Protect the Rights to Write Both Nonfree and Free Software</a></li> |
691 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>' |
692 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
693 |
<a href="/philosophy/patent-reform-is-not-enough.html"> |
694 |
Patent Reform Is Not Enough</a></li> |
695 |
</ul> |
696 |
|
697 |
<h4 id="copyright">Copyright</h4> |
698 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
699 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2002]</span>' |
700 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
701 |
<a href="/philosophy/misinterpreting-copyright.html"> |
702 |
Misinterpreting Copyright—A Series of Errors</a> |
703 |
(by RMS) |
704 |
— About the flaws in popular defenses of copyright law.</li> |
705 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996]</span>' |
706 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
707 |
<a href="/philosophy/reevaluating-copyright.html"> |
708 |
Reevaluating Copyright: The Public Must Prevail</a> |
709 |
(by RMS)</li> |
710 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2010]</span>' |
711 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
712 |
<a href="/philosophy/public-domain-manifesto.html"> |
713 |
Why I Will Not Sign the Public Domain Manifesto</a> |
714 |
(by RMS)</li> |
715 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>' |
716 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
717 |
<a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright.html"> |
718 |
Freedom—or Copyright?</a> |
719 |
(by RMS) |
720 |
[<a href="/philosophy/freedom-or-copyright-old.html">older version</a>]</li> |
721 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>' |
722 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
723 |
<a href="/philosophy/eldred-amicus.html"> |
724 |
FSF's Brief Amicus Curiae in the <cite>Eldred v. Ashcroft</cite> Supreme Court case</a> |
725 |
(by Eben Moglen)</li> |
726 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
727 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
728 |
<a href="/philosophy/push-copyright-aside.html"> |
729 |
Science must “push copyright aside”</a> |
730 |
(by RMS, first published in <a |
731 |
href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050729110347/http://www.nature.com/nature/debates/e-access/Articles/stallman.html"> |
732 |
<cite>Nature WebDebates</cite></a> in 2001) |
733 |
— This article explains how copyright is impeding progress in |
734 |
scientific research. You may also be interested |
735 |
in <a href="https://plos.org/">The Public Library of Science</a>, |
736 |
which is dedicated to making scientific research freely available to all |
737 |
on the Internet.</li> |
738 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2001]</span>' |
739 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
740 |
<a href="https://web.archive.org/web/20030604075825/http://www.humaninfo.org/copyrigh.htm"> |
741 |
Examples of Excellent Copyright Policies</a> |
742 |
(on <i>humaninfo.org</i>, archived)</li> |
743 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
744 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
745 |
<a href="https://cyber.harvard.edu/openlaw/eldredvashcroft/cyber/complaint_orig.html"> |
746 |
Original complaint in <cite>Eldred v. Reno</cite></a> |
747 |
(on <i>harvard.edu</i>) |
748 |
— A lawsuit to overturn a law that extends copyright by 20 extra |
749 |
years.</li> |
750 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>' |
751 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
752 |
<a href="/philosophy/rms-comment-longs-article.html"> |
753 |
Comments on Roderick Long's Article</a> |
754 |
(by RMS)</li> |
755 |
</ul> |
756 |
|
757 |
<h4 id="noip">The propaganda term “<a |
758 |
href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html#IntellectualProperty">Intellectual |
759 |
Property</a>”</h4> |
760 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
761 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2004]</span>' |
762 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
763 |
<a href="/philosophy/not-ipr.html"> |
764 |
Did You Say “Intellectual Property”? It's a Seductive Mirage</a> |
765 |
(by RMS)</li> |
766 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>' |
767 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
768 |
<a href="/philosophy/komongistan.html"> |
769 |
The Curious History of Komongistan (Busting the term “intellectual |
770 |
property”)</a> |
771 |
(by RMS)</li> |
772 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2006]</span>' |
773 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
774 |
<a href="/philosophy/no-ip-ethos.html"> |
775 |
Don't Let “Intellectual Property” Twist Your Ethos</a> |
776 |
(by RMS)</li> |
777 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
778 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
779 |
<a href="/philosophy/ipjustice.html"> |
780 |
Reject IP Enforcement Directive</a> |
781 |
— Comments on the rejection of this directive by the International |
782 |
Civil Liberties Coalition.</li> |
783 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
784 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
785 |
<a href="/philosophy/boldrin-levine.html"> |
786 |
Review: Boldrin and Levine, “The Case Against Intellectual |
787 |
Property”</a> |
788 |
(by RMS)</li> |
789 |
</ul> |
790 |
|
791 |
<h4 id="sco">Response to SCO's attacks</h4> |
792 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
793 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003-2004]</span>' |
794 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
795 |
<a href="/philosophy/sco/sco.html"> |
796 |
FSF's Position regarding SCO's attacks on Free Software</a></li> |
797 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
798 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
799 |
<a href="/philosophy/sco/sco-gnu-linux.html"> |
800 |
SCO, GNU, and Linux</a> |
801 |
(by RMS) |
802 |
— How SCO's lawsuit against IBM pertains to the work of the |
803 |
GNU project.</li> |
804 |
</ul> |
805 |
|
806 |
|
807 |
<h3 id="cultural">Cultural and Social Issues</h3> |
808 |
|
809 |
<h4 id="society">Digital society</h4> |
810 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
811 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2012]</span>' |
812 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
813 |
<a href="/philosophy/stallmans-law.html"> |
814 |
Stallman's Law</a></li> |
815 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2009]</span>' |
816 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
817 |
<a href="/philosophy/digital-inclusion-in-freedom.html"> |
818 |
Is Digital Inclusion A Good Thing? How Can We Make Sure It Is?</a> |
819 |
(by RMS)</li> |
820 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2007]</span>' |
821 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
822 |
<a href="/philosophy/computing-progress.html"> |
823 |
Computing “progress”: good and bad</a> |
824 |
(by RMS)</li> |
825 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2003]</span>' |
826 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
827 |
<a href="/philosophy/wsis.html"> |
828 |
World Summit on the Information Society</a> |
829 |
(by RMS)</li> |
830 |
</ul> |
831 |
|
832 |
<h4 id="drm">Digital restrictions management and treacherous computing</h4> |
833 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
834 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2006]</span>' |
835 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
836 |
<a href="/philosophy/opposing-drm.html"> |
837 |
Opposing Digital Rights Mismanagement</a> |
838 |
(by RMS) |
839 |
— Answers to a few common questions about DRM.</li> |
840 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2002]</span>' |
841 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
842 |
<a href="/philosophy/can-you-trust.html"> |
843 |
Can You Trust Your Computer?</a> |
844 |
(by RMS) |
845 |
— About the so-called “trusted computing” initiatives.</li> |
846 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>' |
847 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
848 |
<a href="/philosophy/nonfree-games.html"> |
849 |
Nonfree DRM'd Games on GNU/Linux: Good or Bad?</a> |
850 |
(by RMS)</li> |
851 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>' |
852 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
853 |
<a href="/philosophy/correcting-france-mistake.html"> |
854 |
Correcting My Mistake about French Law</a> |
855 |
(by RMS)</li> |
856 |
</ul> |
857 |
|
858 |
<h4 id="ns">Network Services</h4> |
859 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
860 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2010-2020]</span>' |
861 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
862 |
<a href="/philosophy/who-does-that-server-really-serve.html"> |
863 |
Who does that server really serve?</a> |
864 |
(by RMS)</li> |
865 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2020]</span>' |
866 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
867 |
<a href="/philosophy/posting-videos.html"> |
868 |
Posting Videos</a> |
869 |
(by RMS)</li> |
870 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2015]</span>' |
871 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
872 |
<a href="/philosophy/whats-wrong-with-youtube.html"> |
873 |
What's Wrong with YouTube</a></li> |
874 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2014]</span>' |
875 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
876 |
<a href="/philosophy/bug-nobody-allowed-to-understand.html"> |
877 |
The Bug Nobody is Allowed to Understand</a> |
878 |
(by RMS)</li> |
879 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>' |
880 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
881 |
<a href="/philosophy/judge-internet-usage.html"> |
882 |
A wise user judges each Internet usage scenario carefully</a> |
883 |
(by RMS)</li> |
884 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>' |
885 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
886 |
<a href="/philosophy/keep-control-of-your-computing.html"> |
887 |
Keep control of your computing, so it doesn't control you!</a> |
888 |
(by RMS)</li> |
889 |
</ul> |
890 |
|
891 |
<h4 id="access">Accessing culture</h4> |
892 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
893 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996-2016]</span>' |
894 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
895 |
<a href="/philosophy/right-to-read.html"> |
896 |
The Right to Read: A Dystopian Short Story</a> |
897 |
(by RMS)</li> |
898 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>' |
899 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
900 |
<a href="/philosophy/ebooks-must-increase-freedom.html"> |
901 |
Ebooks must increase our freedom, not decrease it</a> |
902 |
(by RMS)</li> |
903 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2011]</span>' |
904 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
905 |
<a href="/philosophy/the-danger-of-ebooks.html"> |
906 |
The Danger of E-Books</a> |
907 |
(by RMS)</li> |
908 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2010]</span>' |
909 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
910 |
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/technology/blog/2010/apr/06/digital-economy-bill-richard-stallman"> |
911 |
Digital economy bill: One clown giveth and the other clown taketh away</a> |
912 |
(by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)</li> |
913 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>' |
914 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
915 |
<a href="/philosophy/ebooks.html"> |
916 |
Ebooks: Freedom Or Copyright</a> |
917 |
(by RMS)</li> |
918 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>' |
919 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
920 |
<a href="/encyclopedia/free-encyclopedia.html"> |
921 |
The Free Universal Encyclopedia and Learning Resource</a> |
922 |
(by RMS)</li> |
923 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
924 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
925 |
<a href="/philosophy/new-monopoly.html"> |
926 |
U.S. Congress Threatens to Establish a New Kind of Monopoly</a> |
927 |
— An attempt of the Congress to create a private monopoly over |
928 |
repeating publicly known information.</li> |
929 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
930 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
931 |
<a href="/philosophy/stophr3028.html"> |
932 |
Stop H.R. 3028 - Protect the Net - Stop the Trademark Monopolists</a> |
933 |
(by Marc Rotenberg)</li> |
934 |
</ul> |
935 |
|
936 |
<h4 id="funding">Funding cultural works</h4> |
937 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
938 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>' |
939 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
940 |
<a href="/philosophy/funding-art-vs-funding-software.html"> |
941 |
Funding Art vs Funding Software</a> |
942 |
(by RMS)</li> |
943 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1992]</span>' |
944 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
945 |
<a href="/philosophy/dat.html"> |
946 |
The Right Way to Tax DAT</a> |
947 |
(by RMS)</li> |
948 |
</ul> |
949 |
|
950 |
<h4 id="evils">Surveillance, censorship, lock-in, etc.</h4> |
951 |
|
952 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
953 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2013… ]</span>' |
954 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
955 |
<a href="/proprietary/proprietary.html"> |
956 |
Proprietary Software Is Often Malware</a> |
957 |
— Clearly established cases of proprietary software that does |
958 |
nasty things to the users.</li> |
959 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[2015-2019]</span>' |
960 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
961 |
<a href="/philosophy/surveillance-vs-democracy.html"> |
962 |
How Much Surveillance Can Democracy Withstand?</a> |
963 |
(by RMS)</li> |
964 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2021]</span>' |
965 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
966 |
<a href="/philosophy/wwworst-app-store.html"> |
967 |
The WWWorst App Store</a> |
968 |
(by Alexandre Oliva)</li> |
969 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2018]</span>' |
970 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
971 |
<a href="/philosophy/phone-anonymous-payment.html"> |
972 |
Anonymous Payment by Phone</a> |
973 |
(by RMS)</li> |
974 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2018]</span>' |
975 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
976 |
<a href="https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/apr/03/facebook-abusing-data-law-privacy-big-tech-surveillance"> |
977 |
A radical proposal to keep your personal data safe</a> |
978 |
(by RMS, on <i>theguardian.com</i>)</li> |
979 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2018]</span>' |
980 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
981 |
<a href="/philosophy/surveillance-testimony.html"> |
982 |
Surveillance Testimony</a> |
983 |
(by RMS)</li> |
984 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2012]</span>' |
985 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
986 |
<a href="/philosophy/ubuntu-spyware.html"> |
987 |
Ubuntu Spyware: What to Do?</a> |
988 |
(by RMS)</li> |
989 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2009]</span>' |
990 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
991 |
<a href="/philosophy/microsoft.html"> |
992 |
Is Microsoft the Great Satan?</a> |
993 |
[<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-old.html">older version</a>]</li> |
994 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>' |
995 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
996 |
<a href="/philosophy/the-root-of-this-problem.html"> |
997 |
The Problem Is Software Controlled By Its Developer</a> |
998 |
(by RMS)</li> |
999 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2008]</span>' |
1000 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1001 |
<a href="/philosophy/gates.html"> |
1002 |
It's not the Gates, it's the bars</a> |
1003 |
(by RMS)</li> |
1004 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>' |
1005 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1006 |
<a href="/philosophy/wassenaar.html"> |
1007 |
The Wassenaar Arrangement</a> |
1008 |
— Encryption software volunteers needed in countries without |
1009 |
export control.</li> |
1010 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>' |
1011 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1012 |
<a href="/philosophy/ms-doj-tunney.html"> |
1013 |
FSF's Statement in Response to Proposed Revised Final Judgment in |
1014 |
<cite>Microsoft v. United States</cite></a></li> |
1015 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2000]</span>' |
1016 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1017 |
<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-verdict.html"> |
1018 |
On the Microsoft Verdict</a></li> |
1019 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999]</span>' |
1020 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1021 |
<a href="/philosophy/microsoft-antitrust.html"> |
1022 |
The Microsoft Antitrust Trial and Free Software</a></li> |
1023 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>' |
1024 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1025 |
<a href="/philosophy/privacyaction.html"> |
1026 |
Protect Postal Privacy</a> |
1027 |
(by Kathleen Ellis) |
1028 |
— A campaign to resist the proposed rule by the United States |
1029 |
Postal Service to collect private information from customers.</li> |
1030 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>' |
1031 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1032 |
<a href="/philosophy/basic-freedoms.html"> |
1033 |
Freedoms of Speech, Press, and Association</a> |
1034 |
— How to protect these freedoms on the Internet.</li> |
1035 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996]</span>' |
1036 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1037 |
<a href="/philosophy/censoring-emacs.html"> |
1038 |
Censoring My Software</a> |
1039 |
(by RMS)</li> |
1040 |
</ul> |
1041 |
|
1042 |
|
1043 |
<h3 id="terminology">Terminology and Definitions</h3> |
1044 |
|
1045 |
<ul class="no-bullet"> |
1046 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">*[1996… ]</span>' |
1047 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1048 |
<a href="/philosophy/words-to-avoid.html"> |
1049 |
Words to Avoid (or Use with Care) Because They Are Loaded or Confusing</a></li> |
1050 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1999… ]</span>' |
1051 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1052 |
<a href="/philosophy/fs-translations.html"> |
1053 |
Translations of the term “free software”</a> |
1054 |
into various languages.</li> |
1055 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[1996-2019]</span>' |
1056 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1057 |
<a href="/philosophy/categories.html"> |
1058 |
Categories of Free and Nonfree Software</a></li> |
1059 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2013]</span>' |
1060 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1061 |
<a href="/philosophy/why-call-it-the-swindle.html"> |
1062 |
Why Call It The Swindle?</a> |
1063 |
(by RMS)</li> |
1064 |
<li><!--#set var='DATE' value='<span class="date-tag">[2002]</span>' |
1065 |
--><!--#echo encoding='none' var='DATE' --> |
1066 |
<a href="/philosophy/wipo-PublicAwarenessOfCopyright-2002.html"> |
1067 |
Public Awareness of Copyright, WIPO, June 2002</a> |
1068 |
(by RMS) |
1069 |
— How WIPO recognizes that their system is designed to restrict |
1070 |
the public, and how they propose to modify terminology so that people |
1071 |
won't notice.</li> |
1072 |
</ul> |
1073 |
</div> |
1074 |
|
1075 |
</div><!-- for id="content", starts in the include above --> |
1076 |
<!--#include virtual="/server/footer.html" --> |
1077 |
<div id="footer" role="contentinfo"> |
1078 |
<div class="unprintable"> |
1079 |
|
1080 |
<p>Please send general FSF & GNU inquiries to <a |
1081 |
href="mailto:gnu@gnu.org"><gnu@gnu.org></a>. There are also <a |
1082 |
href="/contact/">other ways to contact</a> the FSF. Broken links and other |
1083 |
corrections or suggestions can be sent to <a |
1084 |
href="mailto:webmasters@gnu.org"><webmasters@gnu.org></a>.</p> |
1085 |
|
1086 |
<p><!-- TRANSLATORS: Ignore the original text in this paragraph, |
1087 |
replace it with the translation of these two: |
1088 |
|
1089 |
We work hard and do our best to provide accurate, good quality |
1090 |
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1091 |
Please send your comments and general suggestions in this regard |
1092 |
to <a href="mailto:web-translators@gnu.org"> |
1093 |
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1094 |
|
1095 |
<p>For information on coordinating and contributing translations of |
1096 |
our web pages, see <a |
1097 |
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations |
1098 |
README</a>. --> |
1099 |
Please see the <a |
1100 |
href="/server/standards/README.translations.html">Translations README</a> for |
1101 |
information on coordinating and contributing translations of this article.</p> |
1102 |
</div> |
1103 |
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1104 |
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1105 |
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1106 |
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1108 |
Please make sure the copyright date is consistent with the |
1109 |
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years, as long as each year in the range is in fact a copyrightable |
1115 |
year, i.e., a year in which the document was published (including |
1116 |
being publicly visible on the web or in a revision control system). |
1117 |
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1118 |
There is more detail about copyright years in the GNU Maintainers |
1119 |
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1120 |
|
1121 |
<p>Copyright © 1996-2024 Free Software Foundation, Inc.</p> |
1122 |
|
1123 |
<p>This page is licensed under a <a rel="license" |
1124 |
href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/">Creative |
1125 |
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1126 |
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1127 |
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1128 |
|
1129 |
<p class="unprintable">Updated: |
1130 |
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1131 |
$Date: 2024/01/01 05:25:36 $ |
1132 |
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1133 |
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1134 |
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1135 |
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1136 |
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1137 |
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